| 近30年来中国气候的干湿变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 张庆云,陈烈庭.近30年来中国气候的干湿变化[J].大气科学,1991,15(5):72-81. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张庆云 陈烈庭 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所
(张庆云)，中国科学院大气物理研究所(陈烈庭) |
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| 摘 要： | 本文利用1951—1980年的月平均温度,计算了中国各地水分需要量。根据水分需要量和降水量大小,将我国划分成潮湿、湿润、半湿润、半干燥和干燥5类气候区;并对这5个气候区1950年前后各30年时段的气候干湿状况进行讨论;此外还对影响气候干湿变化的重要因子,我国近30年来的降水进行了分析。 近3O多年来,各气候区的降水及气候状况呈现了不同的变化:潮湿和湿润气候区50年代降水较多,60年代降水偏少,70年代降水呈多变态;半湿润和半干燥气候区50年代至60年代中期为多雨时段,1965年始,降水偏少,处于少雨阶段,
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| 关 键 词： | 最大可能蒸发量 湿润度指数 相对变率 年际变化 |
VARIATIONS OF DRYNESS AND WETNESS IN CHINA DURING 1951 - 1980 |
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| Zhang Qingyun and Chen Lieting.VARIATIONS OF DRYNESS AND WETNESS IN CHINA DURING 1951 - 1980[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,1991,15(5):72-81. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Qingyun and Chen Lieting |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, the potential evapbtranspiration is calculated by using the Thornthwaite 's (1948) system and the moisture index is determined by comparison of it with the corresponding precipitation at 340 stations in China, based on the monthly mean temperature and precipitation data sets of the years 1951 - 1980.According to the analysis of the moisture indices, the climatic regions in China are classified into five types. The secular variations of the dryness and the wetness in each climatic region during the period of 1951 - 1984 are discussed.It is revealed that the trend of precipitation in North China was similar to that in the Sahel to some extent during the last 20 years, but the drought in North China was not as severe as that in the Sahel. |
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| Keywords: | Potential evapotranspiration Moisture index Relative variability Interannual change |
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