| 60年代亚非夏季风十年尺度的突变 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋燕,季劲钧.60年代亚非夏季风十年尺度的突变[J].大气科学,2001,25(2):200-208. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋燕 季劲钧 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1999043400“我国生存环境演变和北方干旱化趋势预测研究”资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 在综合分析了近几十年气候资料的基础上，揭示了本世纪60年代的一次亚非夏季风十年尺度的突变。这次突变在地面温度场上表现为突变前亚非大陆是正距平，印度洋和西太平洋为负距平，海陆温差较强；突变后相反，海陆温差减弱。地面气压由突变前亚非大陆强热低压中心转变为突变后的弱低压中心。同时突变前北非和东亚夏季风增强，而突变后明显减弱。这次十年尺度的气候突变突出表现了东亚季风、印度季风和北非季风明显的变化同步性，而最显著的特征是在行星尺度的降水场上从北非撒哈拉－萨赫勒、中东、印度北部到华北干旱半干旱带上由多雨变为少雨的雨量减少带。
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| 关 键 词： | 夏季风 气候突变 干旱半干旱 |
The Interdecadal Abrupt Change of the African-Asian Summer Monsoon in the 1960s |
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| Song Yan and Ji Jinjun.The Interdecadal Abrupt Change of the African-Asian Summer Monsoon in the 1960s[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2001,25(2):200-208. |
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| Authors: | Song Yan and Ji Jinjun |
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| Abstract: | On the basis of comprehensive analyses of recent climatic data, it exposes a decadal abrupt change of African-Asian Summer Monsoon in the 1960s. The results indicate that, before its abrupt change, surface temperature presents positive anomalies over the African-Asian continents, and negative anomalies over the indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Therefore, the ocean-continent thermal contrast increased. Correspondingly, it is inversed after the abrupt change. On the surface pressure fields, a strongly warm low center over the African-Asian continents weakens through the abrupt change. Simultaneously, strong African and East Asian monsoon in summer weakens significantly. Results show that the East Asian monsoon, the indian monsoon and the North African monsoon change synchronously. The most remarkable feature of this abrupt change is that in arid and semi-arid belt, from the North African Sahara-Sahel to the Middle East, North india and North China, rainfall changes abruptly from abundent to seldom. The opposite trend happens on the two sides of this belt. |
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| Keywords: | summer monsoon arid and semi-arid abrupt climate change |
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