| 2011~2013年中国冻雨、冻毛毛雨和冻雾的特征分析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李杰,郭学良,周晓宁,李兴宇.2011~2013年中国冻雨、冻毛毛雨和冻雾的特征分析[J].大气科学,2015,39(5):1038-1048. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李杰 郭学良 周晓宁 李兴宇 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴实验室, 北京 100029;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;南京航空航天大学民航学院, 南京 211106 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目41005072、40575003,中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助NJ20140015,国家电网公司科技项目资助GCB17201400162 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 研究冰冻天气的特征对于更好的认识冰冻天气,提高此类天气的预警预报能力,从而达到防灾减灾有重要意义。利用2011~2013年间中国民航机场的一小时或半小时一次的例行观测和特殊观测资料,分析了冻雨、冻毛毛雨和冻雾天气的时空分布、持续时间和气象条件等特征。研究结果表明:我国大部分地区均会发生冰冻天气。冻雨和冻毛毛雨的频发区与其持续时间较长区比较一致,而冻雾的少发区,其持续时间也可能较长。我国冰冻天气最容易在冬季(12~2月)发生,在1月出现的比例最高;在凌晨00~07时(当地时间,下同)]出现频率相对较高,午后(13~14时)出现频率最低。一次冰冻天气的持续时间一般不超过2个小时。温度在-3~-1℃,露点温度在-4~-1℃,温度露点差在0~1℃时冰冻天气发生的频率最大。出现冰冻天气时的风向以东北风和北风为主,而平均风速在2~3.9 m s-1时冻雨和冻毛毛雨发生的频率最大。我国冻雨和冻毛毛雨发生时,同时常会有雾或轻雾;冻雾出现时,一般不会伴随其他天气。
|
| 关 键 词： | 冰冻 时空分布 气象条件 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/8/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/1/28 0:00:00 |
Characteristics of Freezing Rain, Freezing Drizzle, and Freezing Fog in China from 2011 to 2013 |
| |
| LI Jie,GUO Xueliang,ZHOU Xiaoning and LI Xingyu.Characteristics of Freezing Rain, Freezing Drizzle, and Freezing Fog in China from 2011 to 2013[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2015,39(5):1038-1048. |
| |
| Authors: | LI Jie GUO Xueliang ZHOU Xiaoning and LI Xingyu |
| |
| Institution: | Laboratory of Cloud and Precipitation and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106,Laboratory of Cloud and Precipitation and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Jincheng College, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211156 and Laboratory of Cloud and Precipitation and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 |
| |
| Abstract: | Studying the characteristics of freezing weather in China ultimately helps people to understand freezing weather more comprehensively. It also contributes to warning and forecasting capabilities for freezing weather, and thus disaster reduction. Using data from hourly or half hourly routine and special observations from civil aviation airports in China for the period 2011-2013, the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution, duration and weather conditions of freezing weather events were analyzed. It was found that the freezing weather events during the study period occurred in most regions of China. The high-frequency region for freezing rain or freezing drizzle events corresponded well to that of high intensity. In the low-frequency region for freezing fog, events tended to last longer. Freezing weather usually occurred in the winter season (December to February), and mostly in January. Events occurred frequently in the early morning from 0000 to 0700 local time (LT)] and infrequently in the afternoon (from 1300 to 1400 LST). The duration of each freezing precipitation event was usually less than 2 h. Most freezing weather events occurred when temperatures were -3℃ to -1℃ and dew point was -4℃ to -1℃. The highest frequency of freezing weather events occurred when the dew point drop was 0℃ to 1℃. The dominant winds were northeasterly or northerly when freezing precipitation occurred, and the wind speed was usually 2-3.9 m s-1. Most freezing rain and freezing drizzle was mixed with fog, whereas freezing fog was not mixed with other precipitation. |
| |
| Keywords: | Freezing weather Temporal and spatial distribution Meteorological conditions China |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《大气科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《大气科学》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
