首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度模及其气候影响
引用本文:晏红明,李崇银.赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度模及其气候影响[J].大气科学,2007,31(1):64-76.
作者姓名:晏红明  李崇银
作者单位:1.中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京,100029; 云南省气象科学研究所,昆明,650034; 中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049; 解放军理工大学气象学院,南京,211101
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目40233033,中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目KZCX3-SW-226,云南省自然科学基金项目2003D0085M,人才基金2004PY01
摘    要:赤道印度洋纬向海温差异对气候的影响是有关印度洋地区海气相互作用研究的焦点。作者进一步分析了印度洋纬向海温差异的特征,提出了赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度模的概念,并在此基础上利用中国科学院大气物理研究所的九层大气环流模式模拟研究了赤道印度洋海温梯度变化对气候的影响。分析结果表明赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度的变化及其对气候的影响比较复杂,由于海温梯度分别产生于暖海温或冷海温两种不同的大尺度背景场,因此它对气候的影响不仅与海温梯度的变化有关,还与其产生的大尺度背景场(暖海温或冷海温)有很直接的关系。在太平洋地区海温不变的情况下,由于赤道东西印度洋大范围海温的升高或降低,有可能在整个印度洋和太平洋之间产生一个海温梯度(简称印-太海温梯度),这一海温梯度对亚洲季风区的降水分布和季风活动起着十分重要的作用,而赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度与印-太海温梯度的叠加,不仅加强或减弱了印-太海温梯度引起的大范围大气辐合、辐散,同时也使得辐合及辐散区的位置发生移动,进而影响了小范围地区的气候异常,特别是赤道东印度洋地区的降水分布和风场变化。与赤道印度洋地区纬向海温梯度的作用相比,赤道印度洋偶极子对气候的影响相对比较单纯,引起的降水异常和风场变化主要与海温偶极子的变化有关。

关 键 词:赤道印度洋  纬向海温梯度模  偶极子  气候异常
文章编号:1006-9895(2007)01-0064-13
修稿时间:2005-05-302006-02-09

A Study of the Sea Surface Temperature Zonal Gradient Mode in the Equatorial Indian Ocean and Its Influence on Climate
YAN Hong-Ming and LI Chong-Yin.A Study of the Sea Surface Temperature Zonal Gradient Mode in the Equatorial Indian Ocean and Its Influence on Climate[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2007,31(1):64-76.
Authors:YAN Hong-Ming and LI Chong-Yin
Institution:1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmos pheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 2 Meteorological Science Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650034 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 4 InstituteofMeteorology, PLAUniversityofScienceand Technology, Nanjing 211101
Abstract:In recent years,zonal difference between sea surface temperatures(SST) in the equatorial eastern and western Indian Ocean and its influences on climate are being popularly argued.In this paper,the sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) characteristics in the Indian Ocean are further investigated.The results indicate that SST zonal difference resulting from the concurrent cold and warm SST variations in the Indian Ocean basin is also another important feature of SSTA in the Indian Ocean besides SST dipole modes,which is called as SST zonal gradient mode of Indian Ocean(IOZGM) here.IOZGM has four different patterns.Similar to the positive and negative SST dipole modes in the Indian Ocean,IOZGM is also defined as positive and negative modes.Positive IOZGM may respectively result from the warm or cold SST variations over the Indian Ocean basin,and so does negative IOZGM.Based on four IOZGMs,the authors design four schemes for numerical simulation to investigate the influence of IOZGM on climate by using IAP9L model(nine layers general circulation model which developed by Institute of Atmosphere Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences).The results reveal that the effects of IOZGM on climate are not only relative to IOZGM,but also to the cold and warm SST variations over the all Indian Ocean basin.The possible impacting mechanism is that SST in the Pacific Ocean keeps invariably while SST in the Indian Ocean is warming and falling down,which will result in forming a SST gradient between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean(IO-PO SSTG).Because the direction of IO-PO SSTG and IOZG is either the same or contrary,the common effect of two SST gradients is different significantly from each other.The IO-PO SSTG impacts mainly on large-scale rainfall and monsoon anomalies,and causes large-scale divergence and convergence anomalies over the tropical regions,while IOZGM causes mainly the movement of central location of anomalous divergence and convergence,and further influences the climate anomalies of the small-scale regions,especially the rainfall and wind anomalies over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean.In comparison with the former works,the authors find that the influences of IOZGM and Indian Ocean Dipole Mode(IOD)on climate anomalies are obviously different from each other.The impact of IOD on climate anomalies is mainly relative to IOD variations.
Keywords:the equatorial India Ocean  SST zonal gradient mode  dipole  climate anomalies
本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《大气科学》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《大气科学》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号