| 东亚季风系统的时空变化及其对我国气候异常影响的最近研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄荣辉,顾雷,陈际龙,等.东亚季风系统的时空变化及其对我国气候异常影响的最近研究进展[J].大气科学,2008,32(4):691-719. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄荣辉 顾雷 陈际龙 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心,北京,100080 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金
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中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文回顾了关于东亚季风系统的时空变化及其对我国气候异常影响的最近研究进展。许多研究说明，东亚季风系统无论风场的垂直结构、年循环或是水汽输送和降水特征都明显不同于南亚和北澳季风系统，它是亚澳季风系统中一个相对独立的季风系统。并且，研究结果表明了东亚季风系统有明显的时空变化:其中夏季风系统在年际时间尺度上存在着一个准两年周期振荡和具有极向三极子异常的空间分布特征，并从20世纪70年代中后期起至今发生了明显变弱的年代际变化，这个变化在华北尤其显著；而东亚冬季风在年际时间尺度上存在一个准四年周期振荡，从20世纪80年代中后期起也发生了明显变弱的年代际变化，它引起了我国的持续暖冬。进一步的研究还揭示了东亚季风系统的变异是与海–陆–气耦合系统变异及其相互作用密切相关，因而，东亚季风系统可以看成是一个大气–海洋–陆地的耦合气候系统，即称之为东亚季风气候系统。此外，本文还从上述东亚季风气候系统的年际和年代际变异提出了长江流域严重洪涝灾害发生的气候学概念模型和华北持续干旱的气候背景。
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| 关 键 词： | 东亚季风系统 时空变化 东亚季风气候系统 气候异常 |
Recent Progresses in Studies of the Temporal-Spatial Variations of the East Asian Monsoon System and Their Impacts on Climate Anomalies in China |
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| HUANG Ronghui,GU Lei,CHEN Jilong and et al.Recent Progresses in Studies of the Temporal-Spatial Variations of the East Asian Monsoon System and Their Impacts on Climate Anomalies in China[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2008,32(4):691-719. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Ronghui GU Lei CHEN Jilong and |
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| Abstract: | Recent progresses in studies of the temporal-spatial variations of the East Asian monsoon(EAM)system and their impacts on severe climate anomalies in China are reviewed in this paper.Many studies have explained that the EAM system is significantly different from the South Asian monsoon(SAM)and North Australian monsoon(NAM)systems either in the vertical structure and the annual cycle of wind field or in the characteristics of water vapor transports and rainfall,thus,this system is a relatively independent subsystem of the Asian-Australian monsoon system.Moreover,the study results have shown that there are obvious temporal-spatial variations in the system.In this system,there exists a significant quasi-biennial oscillation with a characteristic of meridional tripole pattern distribution in the interannual variations of East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)system,and there is a significant weakening trend in the interdecadal variations of the system from the late 1970s,which is particularly obvious in North China.And this is an oscillation with the period of quasi-four years in the interannual variations of East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)system,and there also exists significant weakening trend in its interdecadal variability of the system,which has caused continuous warm winters from the late 1980s.Further studies have revealed that the variabilities and anomalies of the EAM system are closely associated with the variations of an air-sea-land coupled system and interactions among them.This shows that the EAM system may be viewed as an atmosphere-ocean-land coupled system,referred to the EAM climate system.Besides,a climatological conceptive model of the occurrence of severe floods in the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River valleys and climate background of prolonged droughts in North China are proposed from the above-mentioned interannual and interdecadal variations of the EAM climate system. |
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| Keywords: | East Asian monsoon system temporal-spatial variations East Asian monsoon climate system climate disasters |
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