| 东亚季风系统的动力过程和准定常行星波活动的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈文,顾雷,魏科,等.东亚季风系统的动力过程和准定常行星波活动的研究进展[J].大气科学,2008,32(4):950-966. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈文 顾雷 魏科 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心,北京,100080 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金
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中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文系统地回顾了近几年来关于东亚季风系统的动力过程与机理方面的研究，特别是关于东亚季风系统年际和年代际变异与准定常行星波活动关系的研究。最近的许多研究表明东亚夏季风系统变异的动力过程主要与东亚／太平洋型(即EAP型)遥相关有关，利用EAP型遥相关理论不仅可以说明东亚夏季风系统各成员之间内在联系的机理，而且可以揭示热带西太平洋热力和菲律宾周围对流活动影响东亚夏季风系统季节内、年际变化及其异常的经向三极子结构的动力过程；除了EAP型遥相关外，研究还表明北半球夏季从北非到东亚的对流层上层经向风异常存在一个沿急流传播的遥相关型，它对东亚夏季风系统异常的经向三极子型分布也有重要影响。并且，最近关于东亚冬季风变异与行星波活动的关系已做出许多研究，并获得很大进展。这些研究表明:北半球冬季准定常行星波传播波导在年际和年代际变化上存在着反相振荡特征，即若“极地波导”加强，则“低纬波导”将减弱，反之亦然；准定常行星波两支波导的反相振荡与北半球环状模(NAM)的年际和年代际振荡有紧密联系，而NAM的变化通过行星波活动的异常可以导致东亚冬季风的年际和年代际变化；此外，准定常行星波活动的年际变化与东亚冬季风异常之间的关系明显地受热带平流层纬向风准两年周期振荡(QBO)的调制，进一步的研究还提出了可能的机理。最后本文还指出:2005～2007年冬季东亚冬季风的异常不仅与西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压的变异有关，而且与极涡的演变和准定常行星波活动密切相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 东亚季风系统 EAP遥相关型 准定常行星波 E-P通量 |
Studies of the Dynamic Processes of East Asian Monsoon System and the Quasi-Stationary Planetary Wave Activities |
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| CHEN Wen,GU Lei,WEI Ke and et al.Studies of the Dynamic Processes of East Asian Monsoon System and the Quasi-Stationary Planetary Wave Activities[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2008,32(4):950-966. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Wen GU Lei WEI Ke and |
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| Abstract: | The studies of the dynamic processes and mechanism of East Asian monsoon system(EAMS) variability and anomaly,especially on the relation of the interannual and interdecadal variabilities and anomalies of EAMS to quasi-stationary planetary wave activities,are systematically reviewed.During recent years,many studies showed that the dynamic processes of East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) system variability and anomaly are mainly associated with the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern.By using the EAP teleconnection theory,it can be described not only how the various components of EASM system are related,but also how the thermal effect of the tropical western Pacific and the convective activities around the Philippines influence the variations of EASM system on intraseasonal and interannual timescales with a distribution of meridional tripole pattern.And studies also have shown that there is a summer teleconnection pattern of upper-tropospheric meridional wind anomalies along the jet stream from North Africa to East Asia,which has an important impact on the meridional tripole pattern of EASM anomalies.Moreover,the recent studies on the relations of the variabilities and anomalies of the East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) to planetary wave activities have achieved important progress.The studies have shown that in the Northern Hemisphere winter,the variations of the two waveguides of planetary wave propagation have an out-of-phase oscillation on both interannual and interdecadal timescales.If the polar waveguide is strengthened,then the low latitude waveguide may be weakened,and vice versa.And it is found that the oscillation of these two waveguides is closely related to the interannual and interdecadal variations of Northern Annular Mode(NAM),which can lead to the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the EAWM via anomalous planetary wave activities.Besides,the results indicate that the relationship between the planetary wave activity and the EAWM on interannual timescale is strongly modulated by the tropical quasi-biennial oscillation(QBO) of zonal wind in the stratosphere,and possible mechanisms are further proposed.Finally,it has been shown that anomalous EAWMs from 2005 to 2007 are not only associated with the variations of Siberian high and Aleutian low,but also closely related to the evolution of polar vortex and the quasi-stationary planetary wave activities. |
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| Keywords: | East Asian monsoon system East Asia/Pacific teleconnection pattern quasi-stationary planetary wave E-P flux |
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