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敦煌地区荒漠戈壁地表热量和辐射平衡特征的研究
引用本文:张强,曹晓彦.敦煌地区荒漠戈壁地表热量和辐射平衡特征的研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(2):245-254.
作者姓名:张强  曹晓彦
作者单位:1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,兰州,730020;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州,730000
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1998040904-2和国家自然科学基金资助项目40175004共同资助
摘    要:利用2000年5月25日~6月17日"敦煌试验"在戈壁的微气象观测资料,分析了极端干旱地区晴天、阴天和降水等天气条件下的地表辐射平衡、热量平衡和土壤温度等微气象特征的日变化规律.发现在不同天气条件微气象特征有很大变化.但观测期间的平均微气象特征与晴天比较接近,天气过程的影响不是很大,平均的总辐射、净辐射和感热通量与晴天的比值在白天基本大于0.8.观测期间的平均Bowen比全天大于1,在白天都在10以上,最大超过100.

关 键 词:敦煌    荒漠戈壁    辐射平衡    热量平衡

The Influence of Synoptic Conditions on the Averaged Surface Heat and Radiation Budget Energy over Desert or Gobi
Zhang Qiang and Cao Xiaoyan.The Influence of Synoptic Conditions on the Averaged Surface Heat and Radiation Budget Energy over Desert or Gobi[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2003,27(2):245-254.
Authors:Zhang Qiang and Cao Xiaoyan
Abstract:By using the micrometeorology data of "the Dunhuang Experiment" carried out during the period from May 25 to June 17, 2000 in Gobi in the Northwest arid region, the characteristics of the daily variations of the surface radiation budget, heat budget, and soil temperature over Gobi under different types of synoptic conditions including a clear day, a cloudy day and precipitation day in a extreme arid region are analyzed. It is shown that, on their daily variations, there is a typical regular daily circle on a clear day, there is a irregular daily circle on a cloudy day, and there is no daily circle on precipitation day. The comparison of micrometeorological characteristics under the three types of synoptic conditions shows that there is much different among features of radiation and heat budget under the three synoptic conditions, the characteristics of the averaged daily variation during the period of the experiment is very close to ones under the condition of a clear day. It meams that the influence of special synoptic processes on climatic character of radiation and heat budget. The ratio of the values of the global radiation, the net radiation, and the sensible heat flux averaged during the experiment to ones on a clear day are all bigger than 0.8. The Bowen ratio is bigger than 1 on the full averaged daily variation, is bigger than 10 in the daytime, and the biggest value of Bowen ratio in the daytime exceeds 100.
Keywords:Dunhuang Experiment  desert or Gobi  radiation budget  heat budget
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