| 水稻覆膜节水种植对NO排放的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜雁冰,姚志生,邹建文,张丽,郑循华.水稻覆膜节水种植对NO排放的影响[J].气候与环境研究,2015,20(2):235-244. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜雁冰 姚志生 邹建文 张丽 郑循华 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京210095;中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京100029,中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京100029,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京210095,湖北省房县农业局, 十堰442100,中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目51139006、41075109、41321064 |
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| 摘 要： | 为保障粮食安全和节约水资源,水稻覆膜节水技术正越来越多地被农业生产部门运用到水稻生产中。但是,与传统种植模式(采用淹水与烤田相结合的间歇灌溉)相比,水稻覆膜节水种植模式通过改变土壤条件,引起稻田生物地球化学过程变化,进而使得大气环境污染性气体一氧化氮(NO)的排放发生变化。为了定量研究两种种植模式的NO排放差异及其关键控制因子,采用静态暗箱—化学发光法,对不同种植模式下两种施肥条件(常规施肥与无氮肥对照)的水稻—休耕系统NO排放通量及其环境因子进行了原位周年观测。结果表明,水稻生长季NO排放主要发生在中期烤田阶段,覆膜节水种植模式的NO通量多高于常规淹水种植模式,水稻生长季NO排放系数分别为0.12%和0.016%,主要原因是覆膜节水种植模式提高了土壤温度和氧化还原电位。在休耕季,两种种植模式的NO排放都与土壤湿度呈显著负相关。覆膜节水种植模式全年NO排放有大于传统种植模式的趋势,其排放系数分别为0.15%和0.032%,但需时间更长地点更多的试验研究加以证实。
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| 关 键 词： | 覆膜种植 节水 NO 排放因子 稻田 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/3/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/5/20 0:00:00 |
Effect of Water-Saving Ground Cover Rice Production System on NO Emission from a Rice-Fallow Rotation Cycle |
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| DU Yanbing,YAO Zhisheng,ZOU Jianwen,ZHANG Li and ZHENG Xunhua.Effect of Water-Saving Ground Cover Rice Production System on NO Emission from a Rice-Fallow Rotation Cycle[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2015,20(2):235-244. |
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| Authors: | DU Yanbing YAO Zhisheng ZOU Jianwen ZHANG Li and ZHENG Xunhua |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095;State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,College of Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095,Agricultural Bureau of Fangxian, Hubei Province, Shiyan 442100 and State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 |
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| Abstract: | To safeguard food security and water resources, the water-saving ground cover rice-production system (GCRPS) has been increasingly adopted by the agricultural production sector for rice production. However, compared with the conventional paddy rice-production system (CPRPS) with an intermittent irrigation water regime, changes in the soil environment under GCRPS to a larger degree affect the soil biogeochemical processes that regulate the emissions of nitric oxide (NO), an important atmospheric environmental pollution gas. To quantify the differences in NO fluxes between GCRPS and CPRPS and to identify the controlling factors, the NO fluxes were measured in situ in an annual rice-fallow cropping system under different fertilizer treatments on the basis of the static opaque chamber method and chemiluminescence analysis. The results show that during the rice-growing season, high NO emissions were mainly observed during the mid-season drainage period. The seasonal total NO emissions under GCRPS were generally higher than those under CPRPS, with NO direct emission factors of 0.12% and 0.016%, respectively. This difference is mainly due to the higher soil redox potential and temperature under GCRPS. In the fallow season, the NO fluxes in each treatment were negatively correlated with the soil water content. Overall, compared with the CPRPS, the water-saving GCRPS shows potential trends of increased annual NO emission at 0.032% and 0.15%, respectively. To analyze these trends in greater detail, multi-year and multi-site research should be conducted in the future studies. |
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| Keywords: | Ground cover rice production system Water-saving NO Emission factor Paddy field |
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