| 西南地区主要水循环过程的数值模拟分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王丽琼,于坤,左瑞亭,罗霞,彭道睿.西南地区主要水循环过程的数值模拟分析[J].气候与环境研究,2014,19(5):614-626. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王丽琼 于坤 左瑞亭 罗霞 彭道睿 |
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| 作者单位： | 解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京 211101;解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京 211101;解放军94592部队气象台, 徐州 221000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2013CB956203 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用NCAR的公用陆面模式CLM4.0(Community Land Model 4.0),以1961~2010年普林斯顿大学的大气驱动场资料作为大气强迫场,对西南地区陆面过程变化进行了非耦合模拟试验。分析结果表明:西南地区降水呈现明显的干湿季节特征,季风期降水量分布为东北—西南走向,以印度缅甸一带向东北方向递减;非季风期近似呈东西梯度,以两湖地区为中心向西递减。全年而言,西南地区约有16.7%的降水首先被冠层截留,到达地面后约有60.5%以渗透的形式进入土壤,另有约17.1%形成地表径流,还有少部分降水以直接蒸发的形式加湿低层大气。各水循环因子分布与降水分布密切相关,其中冠层截留、地表径流、冠层蒸发的季风期与非季风期特征差异不大,而地下排水和地表蒸发在非季风期均明显高于非季风期,渗透过程则相反。非季风期西南地区水循环的蒸发高、渗透小、地下排水量显著,这三个过程的共同作用,造成西南地区冬春季陆面水份显著流失,是引发西南春旱的可能原因之一。
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| 关 键 词： | CLM 西南地区 水循环过程 陆面过程 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/5/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/11/11 0:00:00 |
Numerical Simulation Analysis on the Primary Water Cycle Process in Southwest China |
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| WANG Liqiong,YU Kun,ZUO Ruiting,LUO Xia and PENG Daorui.Numerical Simulation Analysis on the Primary Water Cycle Process in Southwest China[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2014,19(5):614-626. |
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| Authors: | WANG Liqiong YU Kun ZUO Ruiting LUO Xia and PENG Daorui |
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| Institution: | Institute of Meteorology and oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;Institute of Meteorology and oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;Institute of Meteorology and oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;Institute of Meteorology and oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;Meteorological Observatory of NO.94592 Unit of PLA, Xuzhou 221000 |
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| Abstract: | Using Princeton University's 1961 to 2010 atmospheric external forcing data and NCAR's CLM4.0 (Community Land Model 4.0), an off-line simulation was conducted of the land surface process in Southwest China. Results show that there are sharp distinctions between the precipitation characteristics in Southwest China's wet and dry seasons. During the monsoon season, total precipitation decreases northeastward from Burma and India, while it decreases westward from the Hubei and Hunan provinces in the non-monsoon season. With respect to the annual mean, only about 16.7% of the precipitation in the Southwest China is directly intercepted by the canopy, and of the remaining proportion reaching the ground, about 60.5% infiltrates the soil, approximately 17.1% flows out in runoff, and a small amount evaporats re-enter into the atmosphere. The distributions of the primary hydrological processes are similar to that of precipitation. Canopy interception, surface runoff, and canopy evaporation rarely varies during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. However, underground drainage and surface evaporation are both significantly greater in the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon season, while infiltration shows just the opposite. In the non-monsoon season, smaller levels of infiltration, higher evaporation rates, and higher underground drainage together result in significant loss of land water in Southwest China, and may play an important role in causing the region's spring drought. |
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| Keywords: | CLM Southwest China Water cycle process Land surface process |
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