| 青藏高原云水气候特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李文韬,李兴宇,张礼林,成董.青藏高原云水气候特征分析[J].气候与环境研究,2018,23(5):574-586. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李文韬 李兴宇 张礼林 成董 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 1000292.中国科学院大学, 北京 1000493.湖南衡阳市南岳区气象局, 湖南衡阳 4219004.中国人民解放军空军 95871 部队, 湖南衡阳 421002 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部公益性行业（气象）科研专项项目GYHY201406001，国家重点研发计划2016YFE0201900-02 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2001~2016年MODIS月平均液相云水路径（Cloud Liquid Water Path，LWP）、冰相云水路径（Cloud Ice Water Path，IWP）资料和ERA-Interim再分析等资料，分析了青藏高原空中云水的分布特征、变化趋势以及与大气环流变化和水汽输送变化的关系。结果显示，LWP和IWP的年平均分布形态与降水、可降水量对应较好，林芝地区聚集了丰富的LWP、IWP、降水量和可降水量。受印度洋季风影响，LWP和IWP存在明显的季节变化，夏季LWP和IWP最丰富，冬季最少。水汽传输和高原的动力、热力作用是影响夏季LWP和IWP分布的主要因素，夏季高原南部相对湿度大，水汽抬升强烈，促进了LWP和IWP的形成和积累。LWP和IWP随海拔高度的变化特征较为相似，3000~5500 m海拔高度区间内二者的总体变化特征与青藏高原降水的梯度变化特征一致，为随高度先较快升高后保持稳定的分布特征。青藏高原年平均和季节平均LWP和IWP在2001~2016年间均以减少趋势为主，这一变化趋势与云量和降水变化趋势一致，LWP和IWP的减少趋势与水汽输送通量散度的增加密切相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 液相云水路径 冰相云水路径 气候特征 青藏高原 MODIS数据 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/3/14 0:00:00 |
Climatic Characteristic Analysis of Cloud Water over the Tibetan Plateau |
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| LI Wentao,LI Xingyu,ZHANG Lilin and CHENG Dong.Climatic Characteristic Analysis of Cloud Water over the Tibetan Plateau[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2018,23(5):574-586. |
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| Authors: | LI Wentao LI Xingyu ZHANG Lilin and CHENG Dong |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000292.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000493.Hengyang Nanyue Meteorological Office, Hengyang, Hunan Province 4219004.Air Force 95871, People's Liberation Army of China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421002 |
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| Abstract: | Analyses of cloud liquid water path (LWP) and cloud ice water path (IWP) over the Tibetan Plateau are performed with MODIS monthly data, ERA-Interim reanalysis data and other datasets during the period of 2001-2016. The distribution features, trends and relationships with circulation and water vapor transport are examined. Results show that the annual means of LWP and IWP are of the similar distribution shapes with precipitation and precipitable water. The Nyingchi region has accumulated abundant LWP, IWP, precipitation, and precipitable water. LWP and IWP have obvious seasonal variations because of Indian Ocean Monsoon and they are the most abundant in summer and scarce in winter. Water vapor transport, dynamical effect, and thermodynamic effect of the Tibetan Plateau are the main influencing factors for the distributions of LWP and IWP in summer. In southern Tibetan Plateau, the relative humidity is high and the vapor rises strongly, which promotes the formation and accumulation of LWP and IWP. LWP and IWP show a similar variation patterns with elevation. And their general variation pattern in the interval of 3000 to 5500 m is agreed with the variation pattern of precipitation gradient. They quickly increased with elevation and then gradually become stable. Decreasing trends of annual mean and seasonal mean of LWP and IWP are found in the period of 2001-2016 and the similar trend is also found for cloud amount over the Tibetan Plateau. The increasing trend of the divergence of water vapor flux is the closely related with the decreasing trends of LWP and IWP. |
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| Keywords: | Cloud liquid water path Cloud ice water path Climatic characteristic Tibetan Plateau MODIS data |
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