| 2003年春季中国沙尘天气异常的气候及环境背景 |
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| 引用本文： | 林朝晖,陈红,张时煌,徐兴奎.2003年春季中国沙尘天气异常的气候及环境背景[J].气候与环境研究,2004,9(1):191-202. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林朝晖 陈红 张时煌 徐兴奎 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院大气物理所国际气候与环境科学中心,北京,100029
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家财政部"西北地区土壤水分、沙尘暴监测预测研究"项目(Y0101)及中国科学院百人计划项目"沙尘输送及其气候环境影响的数值模拟研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 概述了2003年春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常偏少的观测事实及其本特征.利用NCEP再分析资料以及台站观测资料,对可能影响2003年春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常的气候与环境背景进行了分析.初步研究结果表明:2002/2003年冬季东亚大槽偏浅、东亚冬季风偏弱,从而导致春季冷空气活动偏少,这是造成2003年春季沙尘天气异常偏少的动力成因.此外,2003春季中国北方大部地区降水量偏多,沙尘源区内蒙古等地地表积雪覆盖面积大,从而造成积雪融化较晚,地表冻土层解冻推迟,土壤湿度增加,这也在一定程度上抑制了沙尘天气的形成.对卫星遥感反演的叶面积指数的分析表明,2003春季我国北方地区沙尘天气异常偏少与下垫面植被覆盖异常的关系不大.
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| 关 键 词： | 沙尘天气 大气环流 冬季风 植被覆盖 土壤湿度 |
| 文章编号： | 1006-9895(2004)01-0191-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年3月6日 |
Climatic and Environmental Background for the Anomalous Spring Sandstorms over the Northern China During 2003 |
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| Lin Zhaohui,Chen Hong,Zhang Shihuang and Xu Xinkui.Climatic and Environmental Background for the Anomalous Spring Sandstorms over the Northern China During 2003[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2004,9(1):191-202. |
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| Authors: | Lin Zhaohui Chen Hong Zhang Shihuang and Xu Xinkui |
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| Abstract: | General characteristics of the anomalous spring sandstorms for 2003 have been analyzed in this paper, and it is found that the spring sandstorm for 2003 is generally less in number and weaker in intensity. By using NCEP reanalysis data and station observational data, the climatic and environmental background which may be responsible for the weak spring sandstorm activities for 2003 has been investigated. Preliminary results show that, due to the weakening of the East Asian trough during 2002/2003 winter, the East Asian winter monsoon also weakens, which may lead to the decreased activities of cold air, and then the less than normal sandstorm activities. Meanwhile, the precipitation over most part of the northern China is more than normal during the spring of 2003, and the snow coverage over several source regions for sandstorm (such as the Inner Mongolia) is also more than normal, all these will lead to the late melting of surface snow cover, the late thawing of frozen soil and the increase of surface soil moisture, and hence suppress the formation of sandstorm activities during springtime in certain extent. Comparative analysis of leaf area index (LAI) by using the remote sensing data suggests that, the weaker spring sandstorm activities for 2003 could not be ascribed to the anomalies in the surface vegetation cover during the spring of 2003. |
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| Keywords: | sand storm atmospheric general circulation winter monsoon vegetation cover soil moisture |
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