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2018年春季海洋天气评述
引用本文:吕爱民,黄彬,王慧,柳龙生,刘涛,聂高臻.2018年春季海洋天气评述[J].山东气象,2018,38(3):101-111.
作者姓名:吕爱民  黄彬  王慧  柳龙生  刘涛  聂高臻
作者单位:(国家气象中心,北京 100081)
基金项目:公益性行业(气象)专项(GYHY201206001);环渤海区域科技协同创新基金项目(QYXM2016);国家自然科学基金项目(41775048);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501604);中国气象局气象预报业务关键技术发展专项(YBGJXM(2018)1B)
摘    要:2018年春季(3—5月)大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,中高纬度呈4波型。3月,亚洲中东部中高纬度环流呈经向型,利于冷空气南下。4月,冷空气势力减弱。5月,温带气旋活动增多。我国近海出现了15次8级以上大风过程,其中冷空气大风过程有8次,冷空气和温带气旋共同影响的大风过程有3次,入海温带气旋大风过程有2次,强对流导致雷暴大风过程2次。我国近海浪高在2 m以上的海浪过程有14次。春季共有11次比较明显的海雾过程,分别为:3月3次,4月3次,5月5次。西北太平洋和南海共生成1个台风,全球其他各大洋共有热带气旋 14个,分别为北大西洋1个、南太平洋6个、南印度洋 5个、北印度洋2个。海面温度整体呈上升趋势。

关 键 词:大气环流  大风  海雾  温带气旋  浪高  海面温度
收稿时间:2018/7/2 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/7/5 0:00:00

Spring 2018 marine weather review
Institution:(National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China)
Abstract:The main characteristics of the atmospheric circulation in spring (from March to May) 2018 are as follows. The polar vortex was characterized by the dipole type in the Northern Hemisphere and four wave mode in middle and high latitudes. In March, the atmospheric circulation was in meridional pattern in middle and high latitudes of central and eastern Asia, which was favorable for the southward of the cold air. In April, the cold air was weaker. There appeared more extratropical cyclones in May. In spring, there were 15 gale processes (above 8 grade) in offshore areas of China, including 8 produced by cold air, three by cold air and extratropical cyclones, three by extratropical cyclones which moved into the sea, and two thunderstorm gale processes by severe convective storm. There were 14 rough sea wave processes above two meters. Eleven obvious sea fog processes occurred over offshore areas, including three in March, three in April, and 5 in May. Only one typhoon occurred over western North Pacific and the South China Sea. In addition, there were 14 tropical cyclones over other oceans in the world, including one over the North Atlantic, 6 over the South Pacific, 5 over the South Indian Ocean, and two over the North Indian Ocean. The sea surface temperature showed uptrend on the whole.
Keywords:general atmospheric circulation  gale  sea fog  extratropical cyclone  wave height  sea surface temperature
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