| 2021年西北太平洋和南海台风活动概述 |
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| 引用本文： | 向纯怡,高拴柱,刘达.2021年西北太平洋和南海台风活动概述[J].山东气象,2022,42(1):39-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 向纯怡 高拴柱 刘达 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家气象中心,北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1506002)；国家自然科学基金项目(42175016) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用中央气象台台风实时业务资料、自动气象站观测资料以及卫星云图等对2021年西北太平洋及南海台风活动的主要特征和影响我国台风的路径、强度及风雨影响进行分析和回顾。结果表明:2021年西北太平洋及南海台风生成个数偏少,生成源地整体偏西;台风强度偏弱,但有多个台风出现了快速增强,其中台风“烟花”“灿都”的24 h强度增幅达40 m·s-1,为近30 a少见;2021年先后有5个台风登陆我国,另有2个台风影响我国。在登陆台风中,4个登陆华南的台风强度均弱于历史平均值。所有登陆台风在登陆后的维持时间都明显高于历史均值,特别是台风“烟花”为历史上登陆华东后维持时间最长的台风,给我国带来了严重的灾害影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 台风 登陆台风 活动特征 快速增强 台风“烟花” |
Overview of typhoon activities over western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2021 |
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| XIANG Chunyi,GAO Shuanzhu,LIU Da.Overview of typhoon activities over western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2021[J].Journal of Shandong Meteorology,2022,42(1):39-49. |
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| Authors: | XIANG Chunyi GAO Shuanzhu LIU Da |
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| Institution: | National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081 , China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the operational real-time typhoon data of National Meteorological Center, the observational data of automatic weather stations, and satellite cloud imageries, the main characteristics of typhoon activities over western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2021, as well as the track, intensity, and wind and rain influence of typhoons affecting China are analyzed and reviewed. The results show the number of typhoons generated over western North Pacific and the South China Sea in 2021 is less, and the generation source region is generally westward. The intensities of typhoons are weak, but several typhoons show rapid intensification. Among them, the intensities of Typhoon In-fa and Typhoon Chantu have increased by 40 m·s-1 in 24 h, which is rare in the past 30 years. In 2021, there are 5 typhoons making landfall in China and another two typhoons affecting China. Among the landfall typhoons, the intensities of 4 typhoons landing in South China are weaker than the historical average. The lifetimes of all landfall typhoons after landing are obviously longer than the historical average, and especially Typhoon In-fa, as the longest sustained typhoon after landing in East China in history, brings serious disastrous influence to China. |
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