| 2020年春季海洋天气评述 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹越男,刘涛,尹尽勇,张增海,柳龙生.2020年春季海洋天气评述[J].山东气象,2020,40(3):90-101. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹越男 刘涛 尹尽勇 张增海 柳龙生 |
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| 作者单位： | （国家气象中心，北京 100081） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC1510104） |
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| 摘 要： | 2020年春季（3—5月）的大气环流特征为：北半球极涡为单极型分布，极涡较常年平均值偏强，中高纬度西风带呈现为3波型。3月，影响我国的冷空气总体多而不强，对北方海域影响较大。4月，我国近海海域上空为经向型环流，有利于冷空气南下。5月，影响我国近海的冷空气较弱，以温带气旋影响为主。我国近海出现了13次8级以上大风过程，其中冷空气大风过程4次，冷空气和温带气旋共同影响的大风过程5次，温带气旋影响的大风过程4次。春季共有7次海雾过程，3月3次，4月1次，5月3次。近海浪高在2 m以上的海浪过程有10次，大浪日数偏少。西北太平洋和南海共生成1个台风。我国近海的海面温度整体呈上升趋势，且北方海域升温幅度大于南方海域。
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| 关 键 词： | 大风 海雾 冷空气 浪高 海温 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/7/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/8/21 0:00:00 |
Spring 2020 marine weather review |
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| CAO Yuenan,LIU Tao,YIN Jinyong,ZHANG Zenghai,LIU Longsheng.Spring 2020 marine weather review[J].Journal of Shandong Meteorology,2020,40(3):90-101. |
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| Authors: | CAO Yuenan LIU Tao YIN Jinyong ZHANG Zenghai LIU Longsheng |
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| Institution: | (National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China) |
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| Abstract: | The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in spring 2020 (from March to May) are as follows. The polar vortex is characterized by a monopole pattern in the Northern Hemisphere and is stronger than average. The westerlies in the middle and high latitudes are in three-wave pattern. In March, the cold air that influenced China is frequent but not strong and has greater impact on the northern seas. In April, the atmospheric circulation over offshore areas of China is in meridional pattern, which is favorable for the southward of the cold air. In May, the cold air is weaker and extratropical cyclone activities increase. There are 13 gale processes above 8 grade over offshore areas of China, including 4 produced by cold air, 5 jointly by cold air and extratropical cyclones, and 4 by extratropical cyclones. Seven obvious sea fog processes occur over offshore areas, including three in March, one in April, and three in May. There are 10 rough sea wave processes above 2 m and days of rough sea wave processes are less. One tropical cyclones is active over western North Pacific and the South China Sea. The sea surface temperature in the offshore areas shows upward tendency, while the temperature rising rate in the northern seas is larger than that in the southern seas. |
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| Keywords: | gale sea fog cold air wave height sea surface temperature |
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