| 2019年夏季海洋天气评述 |
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| 引用本文： | 柳龙生,黄彬,吕爱民,曹越男,聂高臻.2019年夏季海洋天气评述[J].山东气象,2019,39(4):97-107. |
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| 作者姓名： | 柳龙生 黄彬 吕爱民 曹越男 聂高臻 |
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| 作者单位： | （国家气象中心，北京 100081） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家气象中心预报员专项(Y201911)；国家自然科学基金项目(41775048) |
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| 摘 要： | 2019年夏季（6—8月）大气环流特征为：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布，中高纬度西风带呈4波型分布，欧亚大陆为“两槽一脊”的环流型。6月，我国北方海域多入海气旋和海雾，7—8月副热带高压位置较常年偏东、偏南，不利于热带气旋生成。我国近海有10次8级以上大风过程，其中热带气旋过程大风有6次，2次由入海温带气旋造成，另外2次过程主要由雷暴大风引起；出现了14次明显的海雾过程，其中6月出现7次，7月出现4次，8月出现3次；发生13次2 m以上的大浪过程，6月出现4次，7月出现5次，8月出现4次。西北太平洋和南海共有10个热带气旋命名，比常年平均偏少1个；其他各大洋共有14个命名热带气旋生成，分别为：北大西洋4个、东太平洋9个、北印度洋1个。
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| 关 键 词： | 大气环流 大风 海雾 热带气旋 浪高 海面温度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/10/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/10/30 0:00:00 |
Summer 2019 marine weather review |
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| Institution: | (National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China) |
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| Abstract: | The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in summer (from June to August) 2019 are as follows. The polar vortex was characterized by a dipole pattern in the Northern Hemisphere. The westerlies in middle and high latitudes presented a four-wave mode. The circulation in Eurasian showed a two-trough and one-ridge pattern. In June, there were many extratropical cyclones and sea fog activities in the northern sea areas of China. In July and August, the subtropical high lay more eastward and southward than ordinary years, which is not in favor of tropical cyclone genesis. There were 10 gale events stronger than 8 grade in this summer, including 6 produced by tropical cyclones, two by extratropical cyclones, and two mainly by thunderstorms; there were 14 massive sea fog events over offshore areas, including 7 in June, 4 in July, and three in August; thirteen rough sea wave events above two meters occurred, including 4 in June, 5 in July, and 4 in August. There were 10 tropical cyclones nominated over western North Pacific and the South China Sea in this summer, which was one less than the annual average; there were 14 tropical cyclones over global oceans except western North Pacific, including 4 over the North Atlantic, 9 over the East Pacific, and one over the North Indian Ocean. |
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| Keywords: | atmospheric circulation gale sea fog tropical cyclone wave height sea surface temperature |
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