| 中国近海大风的天气学分型 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕爱民,杨柳妮,黄彬,木翔翔.中国近海大风的天气学分型[J].山东气象,2018,38(1):43-50. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕爱民 杨柳妮 黄彬 木翔翔 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 国家气象中心，北京100081； 2. 北京市突发事件预警信息发布中心，北京 100089； 3. 民航宁夏空管分局气象台，宁夏 银川 750009 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206001) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2010—2014年地面观测站（包括288个海岛站、380个沿海气象站、28个浮标站、37个船舶站、53个气象观测塔、13个海上平台站、9个沿海风廓线仪等）和高空气象观测站资料，采用天气学分型和统计分析方法，对2010—2014年285次中国近海6级及以上大风天气个例进行了分析，将近海的大风天气过程归纳为冷空气型、温带气旋型和热带气旋型3种类型。其中冷空气型又分为小槽东移型、小槽发展型和横槽转竖型；温带气旋型又分为东海气旋型、黄渤海气旋型和蒙古气旋型。这些分型可为海上大风预报预警提供天气学背景参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国近海 大风 天气学分型 冷空气 温带气旋 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/5/2 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/1/5 0:00:00 |
Classification of synoptic patterns for China offshore gales |
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| Abstract: | By using in situ observation data (from stations including 288 island stations, 380 onshore stations, 28 float buoys, 37 ship-board stations, 53 meteorological observation towers, 13 drilling platforms stations, and 9 wind profilers) and sounding data, gales with wind force of 6 or above in China offshore area from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed by taking use of the method of synoptic meteorology. According to the weather systems on the ground, synoptic patterns of the gales can be divided into 3 classes:cold air, extratropical cyclone, and tropical cyclone. The cold air class can be divided into three types: small trough moving eastward, small trough development, transversal trough changing to the vertical. The extratropical cyclone class can also be divided into three types: the East China Sea cyclone, the Bohai and the Yellow Sea cyclone, Mongolia cyclone. These pattern classifications can provide reference of synoptic meteorology background for forecasting and warning of offshore gales of China. |
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| Keywords: | China offshore gale synoptic pattern cold air extratropical cyclone |
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