| 土壤-植被-大气系统水分散失机理的数值模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘树华,蔺洪涛,胡非,梁福明,王建华,刘和平.土壤-植被-大气系统水分散失机理的数值模拟[J].甘肃气象,2004,22(3):1-10. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘树华 蔺洪涛 胡非 梁福明 王建华 刘和平 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]北京大学物理学院大气科学系暴雨和旱涝灾害教育部重点试验室，北京100871 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室，北京100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40275004);中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京大学物理学院大气科学系暴雨和旱涝灾害教育部重点试验室和北京大学校长基金共同资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 以Eeardorff(1978)提出的陆面参数化方案和Noilhan等人(1989)土壤水分参数化方案为基础，对陆面物理过程参数化方案进行了改进，在模式中较详细地考虑了植被和地面的各种物理参量如地面和叶面的反射率和发射率，净叶面面积指数，植被的物理阻抗等，并与大气边界层模式耦合。应用该模式模拟了沙漠及绿洲地区不同植被覆盖率情况下的蒸散量、土壤含水量和表面温度的日变化和连续变化特征；对不同植被覆盖率的热量平衡特征进行了比较。结果表明该模式较好地反映了地表蒸散3阶段的变化趋势特征，揭示出下垫面热量平衡分量间的相互转换过程。该模式可以用于中尺度的气象和区域气候模式，模拟和预测不同植被覆盖情况下近地层的热量输送和水分散失情况。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤-植被-大气系统 蒸散机制 数值模拟 |
| 文章编号： | 1006-7639(2004)-03-0001-10 |
Numerical Simulation of Evapotranspiration Mechanism over Soil - Vegetation - Atmosphere System |
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| LIU Shu-hua.Numerical Simulation of Evapotranspiration Mechanism over Soil - Vegetation - Atmosphere System[J].Gansu Meteorology,2004,22(3):1-10. |
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| Authors: | LIU Shu-hua |
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| Institution: | LIU Shu-hua~ |
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| Abstract: | The model mainly uses the method developed by Deardorff in 1978, accompanied with some improvements made by Noilhan in 1989.A numerical model has been established to simulate the evapotranspiration process of moisture on land-surface with different vegetative cover. It includes lots of physical parameters of ground and foliage, such as albedos and emissivities of ground and foliage, net leaf area index, stomatal resistance and so on. The continuous variation of surface evapotranspiration and surface soil moisture content with different vegetative cover, and mean air humidity and surface temperature in different vegetation canopy were simulated, Diurnal variation of surface evapotranspiration and surface evapotranspiration with different vegetative cover were simulated also. By the way, heat balance have been compared over different vegetation cover. The results are in excellent agreement with others. It has successfully described the features of temperature and moisture during this process and the conversion process between components of heat on land-surface. We also do some experiments of validation at the same time, whose results are in excellent agreement with theory. The results indicate that the model can be used in mesoscale meteorology and region climate to simulate and forecast the process of transport of heat and evapotranspiration of moisture on land-surface with different vegetation cover. |
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| Keywords: | soil-vegetation-atmosphere system evapotranspiration Mechanism numerical simulation |
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