| 南疆阿克苏冰雹天气的判识指标研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张磊,;张继东,;热苏力·阿不拉.南疆阿克苏冰雹天气的判识指标研究[J].甘肃气象,2014(4):629-635. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张磊 ;张继东 ;热苏力·阿不拉 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]新疆阿克苏地区人工影响天气办公室,新疆阿克苏843000; [2]新疆维吾尔自治区人工影响天气办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国沙漠气象科学研究基金项目（sqj2010004）、科技部公益性行业科研专项（GYHY201006012）及新疆科技厅少数民族特配项目（201223120）共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用常规气象资料和CINRAD/CC雷达资料对2009~2012年34个冰雹天气个例进行了分析,统计归纳出南疆阿克苏冰雹天气发生前的环境条件和雹云雷达回波判识指标。结果表明:冰雹发生前期,当850 hPa与500 hPa温差≥30℃,地面露点温度≥10.2℃时,预示冰雹天气发生的可能性较大;对流有效位能在冰雹尺寸相对较大(≥10 mm)时指示效果较好,但对小范围局地冰雹的预报具有一定局限性;0~6 km较弱的垂直风切变也能形成冰雹天气;适宜的0℃层和-20℃层高度有利于冰雹的产生。雹云雷达回波具有的特征:组合反射率因子达到50 dBZ以上;径向速度场往往伴有逆风区出现,部分还出现风暴顶辐散特征;45 dBZ强回波核高度≥9 km,垂直剖面出现前悬回波、穹窿等冰雹特征回波;回波顶高6~8月超过12 km,5月和9月超过11 km;垂直积分液态水含量阈值5月为18 kg·m-2,其它月份为30 kg·m-2;冰雹指数产品至少持续5个体扫出现实心大三角标识。
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| 关 键 词： | 阿克苏 冰雹 环境条件 回波特征 指标 |
Analysis on Identifying Indexes of Hail Weather Process in Akesu of the Southern Xinjiang |
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| Institution: | ZHANG LeiI,ZHANG Jidong,Rasul Abla ( 1. Akesu Weather Modification Office of Xinjiang ,Akesu 843000, China ; 2. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Modification Office, Urumqi 830002, China) |
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| Abstract: | Based on the routine meteorological data and CINRAD/CC Doppler radar products,the characteristics of environment condi-tions and radar echoes for 34 hail weather processes from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed and summarized in Akesu of the southern Xin-jiang.The results showed that the hail weather would be much more likely to occur when the temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa was more than 30℃and the dew point temperature was more than 10.2 ℃before the hail happened.CAPE index was ef-fective on forecasting the hail when the diameter of hail was more than 10 mm,but it was limited to small-scale local hail weather.The weaker vertical wind shear from ground to 6 km height should also form hail.In additional,the suitable height of 0 ℃layer and -20℃ layer were propitious to formation of hail weather.The radar echo characteristics of hail cloud were as follows：The composite reflec-tivity factor was more than 50 dBZ,the radial velocity field was often accompanied with the adverse wind area,and the portion of hail weather processes appeared storm top divergence feature.The 45 dBZ strong echo height was more than 9 km,and the vertical section had echo characteristics of hail weather such as overhang echo,vault echo etc.The top height of hail cloud exceeded 12 km from June to August,and that exceeded 11 km in May and September.The threshold of vertical integrated liquid content was 18 kg·m-2 in May and 30 kg·m-2 in other months.The solid big triangle label appeared continually at least 5 volume scans in hail index products. |
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| Keywords: | Akesu hail environment condition echo characteristic index |
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