Good practice policies to bridge the emissions gap in key countries |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Energy and Environmental Economics (Cenergia), Energy Planning Programme (PPE), COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, PO Box 30314, The Hague 2500 GH, The Netherlands;3. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, Utrecht 3584 CB, The Netherlands;4. E3 Modeling S.A., Panormou 70-72, Athens, Greece;5. The Center for Research on Energy Policy – Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia;6. Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;7. Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission, B1505, Guohong Building, Jia.No.11, Muxidibeili, Xicheng District, Beijing 100038, China;8. Model Development and Quantitative Research Division, Economic Analysis Directorate, Strategic Policy Branch, Environment and Climate Change, Canada;9. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, C1-3 361, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyoku, Kyoto City, Japan;10. Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea;11. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), PO BOX 330, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia;12. National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow 101000, Russia;13. Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands;14. Center for Global Sustainability, School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;15. Institute of Energy Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | One key aspect of the Paris Agreement is the goal to limit the global average temperature increase to well below 2 °C by the end of the century. To achieve the Paris Agreement goals, countries need to submit, and periodically update, their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Recent studies show that NDCs and currently implemented national policies are not sufficient to cover the ambition level of the temperature limit agreed upon in the Paris Agreement, meaning that we need to collectively increase climate action to stabilize global warming at levels considered safe. This paper explores the generalization of previously adopted good practice policies (GPPs) to bridge the emissions gap between current policies, NDCs ambitions and a well below 2 °C world, facilitating the creation of a bridge trajectory in key major-emitting countries. These GPPs are implemented in eleven well-established national Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) for Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, European Union (EU), India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the United States, that provide least-cost, low-carbon scenarios up to 2050. Results show that GPPs can play an important role in each region, with energy supply policies appearing as one of the biggest contributors to the reduction of carbon emissions. However, GPPs by themselves are not enough to close the emission gap, and as such more will be needed in these economies to collectively increase climate action to stabilize global warming at levels considered safe. |
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| Keywords: | Climate policy Integrated assessment models Good practice policies Nationally determined contributions Bridge scenarios |
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