El Nino Southern Oscillation as Sporadic Oscillations between Metastable States |
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| Authors: | Shouhong WANG and MA Tian |
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| Institution: | Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA,Department of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 |
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| Abstract: | The main objective of this article is to establish a new mechanism of ENSO, as a
self-organizing and self-excitation system, with two highly coupled processes. The first
is the oscillation between the two metastable warm (El Nino phase) and cold events (La
Nina phase), and the second is the spatiotemporal oscillation of the sea surface temperature
(SST) field. The symbiotic interplay between these two processes gives rises the climate variability
associated with the ENSO, leads to both the random and deterministic features of the ENSO, and
defines a new natural feedback mechanism, which drives the sporadic oscillation of the ENSO.
The new mechanism is rigorously derived using a dynamic transition theory developed recently by
the authors, which has also been successfully applied to a wide range of problems in nonlinear
sciences. |
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| Keywords: | ENSO dynamic transitions basin of attractions metastability |
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