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Characterization and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in urban and suburban Tianjin,China |
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| Authors: | Meng Han Xueqiang Lu Chunsheng Zhao Liang Ran Suqin Han |
| Institution: | 1. Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin 300191 2. Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences,Tianjin,300191 3. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871 4. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871;Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 5. Tianjin Institute of Meteorology,Tianjin,300074 |
| Abstract: | Tianjin is the third largest megacity and the fastest growth area in China, and consequently faces the problems of surface ozone and haze episodes. This study measures and characterizes volatile organic compounds(VOCs), which are ozone precursors, to identify their possible sources and evaluate their contribution to ozone formation in urban and suburban Tianjin,China during the Ha Chi(Haze in China) summer campaign in 2009. A total of 107 species of ambient VOCs were detected,and the average concentrations of VOCs at urban and suburban sites were 92 and 174 ppbv, respectively. Of those, 51 species of VOCs were extracted to analyze the possible VOC sources using positive matrix factorization. The identified sources of VOCs were significantly related to vehicular activities, which specifically contributed 60% to urban and 42% to suburban VOCs loadings in Tianjin. Industrial emission was the second most prominent source of ambient VOCs in both urban and suburban areas, although the contribution of industry in the suburban area(36%) was much higher than that at the urban area(16%). We conclude that controlling vehicle emissions should be a top priority for VOC reduction, and that fast industrialization and urbanization causes air pollution to be more complex due to the combined emission of VOCs from industry and daily life, especially in suburban areas. |
| Keywords: | volatile organic compounds source apportionment positive matrix factorization ozone megacity |
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