| 阿尔山地区积雪变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 龙 菲,何文英,陈洪滨.阿尔山地区积雪变化特征[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(2):82-89. |
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| 作者姓名： | 龙 菲 何文英 陈洪滨 |
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| 摘 要： | 选取阿尔山气象站1981—2015年冷季(10月—次年4月)气象资料,利用滑动平均、线性倾向估计和Mann-Kendall等方法,对年最大积雪深度、积雪日数、气温和降水量进行分析。结果表明,阿尔山地区年最大积雪深度主要发生在1月至3月,其中2月份概率最大,达50%;34 a内最大积雪深度呈上升趋势(2.77 cm/10a),年平均增加0.98%,且年最大积雪深度在1998年发生了突变,即在1998年之前增长缓慢,在2000年以后上升趋势显著。积雪日数的统计分析表明,初始积雪日数和有效积雪日数呈现略微减少趋势,而稳定积雪日数有微弱的增加趋势;通常初始积雪日数比有效积雪日数大30天左右。年最大积雪深度与稳定积雪时期的降水量、积雪日数、日照时数有显著的相关性,相关系数分别为0.647、0.515、0.584,但与稳定积雪时期的气温没有明显的相关性。在全球变暖的大环境下,积雪深度随着降水量和日照时数的增加而增加,且积雪深度受降水量的影响大于日照时数的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 阿尔山 积雪深度 积雪日数 趋势 气温 降水 |
Variation Characteristics of Snow Cover in AerShan Region |
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| Long Fei,He Wenying,Chen Hongbin.Variation Characteristics of Snow Cover in AerShan Region[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2016,39(2):82-89. |
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| Authors: | Long Fei He Wenying Chen Hongbin |
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| Abstract: | Based on the daily data record from Aershan meteorological station in 1981-2015 cold seasons (from October to next April),the variation characteristics of the yearly maximum snow cover depth,snow cover days,air temperature and precipitation are investigated by using the methods of moving average,linear trend analysis and Mann Kendall test.The results show that the yearly maximum snow cover depth in Aershan mainly occurred in January to March,especially in February the highest probability was up to 50%.During the 34 years,the maximum snow cover depth has an increasing trend with the rate of 2.77 cm/10a and annually increased by 0.98%.However the trend has mutated in 1998 that the maximum snow cover depth increased slowly before 1998 but raised significantly after 2000.The statistics of snow cover days show that the days of initial snow cover period and the effective snow cover period are tended to decrease,while the days of steady snow cover period are tended to increase.The days of initial snow cover period are around 30 days more than the days of effective snow cover period.The annual maximum snow cover depth was positively correlated to the precipitation,the snow cover days and the sunshine duration in the steady snow cover period with the correlation coefficients are 0.647,0.515 and 0.584,respectively,but less correlated to the corresponding air temperature.Under the background of global warming,the snow cover depth increase with the increasing of precipitation and sunshine duration,and more influence coming from the former. |
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| Keywords: | Aershan snow cover depth snow cover days trend air temperature precipitation |
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