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2012—2015年北京市空气质量指数变化及其与气象要素的关系
引用本文:王景云,张红日,赵相伟,等.2012—2015年北京市空气质量指数变化及其与气象要素的关系[J].气象与环境科学,2017,40(4):35-41.
作者姓名:王景云  张红日  赵相伟  
摘    要:根据2012—2015年的空气质量指数(AQI)日报数据与同时段的气象数据,采用统计方法和广义加性模型(GAM)对空气质量指数的时间变化及其与气象要素的关系进行了分析,结果表明:2012—2015年北京市空气质量整体呈现下降趋势,冬春季空气质量较差,夏秋季的较好,冬季容易产生重污染天气,春季污染天气频发。北京空气质量存在一定程度的周末效应,表现为周末空气质量较差,工作日相对较好。整体上空气质量指数与风速、日照时数、降水量、平均气温和最高气温呈负相关,与湿度呈正相关,不同季节和不同级别空气质量下的AQI与气象要素相关性差异较大。通过广义加性模型得到AQI与降水量呈线性关系而与其他气象要素均呈非线性关系,气象要素在不同数值范围内对AQI的影响趋势和程度存在显著差异。

关 键 词:空气质量指数(AQI)  气象要素  相关分析  广义加性模型(GAM)

Variation of Air Quality Index and Its Relationship With Meteorological Elements in Beijing from 2012 to 2015
Wang Jingyun,Zhang Hongri,Zhao Xiangwei,et al.Variation of Air Quality Index and Its Relationship With Meteorological Elements in Beijing from 2012 to 2015[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2017,40(4):35-41.
Authors:Wang Jingyun  Zhang Hongri  Zhao Xiangwei  
Abstract:According to the daily air quality index (AQI) data and meteorological data from 2012 to 2015, statistics method and generalized additive model (GAM) were used to analyze the time variation of air quality index and its relationship with meteorological elements. The results were as follows. The air quality of Beijing showed a decreasing trend in general during 20122015, which was bad in winter and spring and relatively good in summer and autumn. The severe pollution weather easily occurred in the winter and pollution weather frequently occurred in spring. Weekend effect was found from the air quality in Beijing, the air quality was bad in the weekend and relatively good in the weekday. The AQI generally showed remarkable negative correlation with the wind speed, sunshine hours, precipitation, average temperature, maximum temperature and positive correlation with humidity. The correlation between meteorological elements and AQI showed a large difference in different seasons and different levels of air quality. The AQI value from GAM showed a linear correlation with the precipitation and nonlinear correlation with other relative meteorological elements. The tendency and degree of influence differed remarkably when the meteorological elements was at different intervals.
Keywords:air quality index (AQI)  meteorological elements  correlation analysis  generalized additive model (GAM)
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