| 2016年6月海南一次龙卷过程分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵蕾,吴坤悌,陈明.2016年6月海南一次龙卷过程分析[J].气象与环境科学,2018,41(2):71-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵蕾 吴坤悌 陈明 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用19612015年陕西省70个气象观测站的逐日降水资料，采用线性倾向估计、趋势分析及Mann Kendall等方法，分析了陕西省不同等级降水量、降水日数及降水强度的气候变化特征。结果表明：无论是降水量、降水日数，还是降水强度，均呈现出南多北少的分布特征，且随着降水级别的逐级增加，地区分布差异逐渐增大；整体上降水量和降水日数呈现出减少趋势，其中降水日数的下降趋势均非常显著，全省年均降水日数的气候倾向率达到了-3.83天·10a-1，通过了0.01的显著性检验，降水强度的增加趋势通过了0.05的显著性检验，每10 a全省年均降水强度增加0.15 mm·d-1；陕西降水量及降水日数的减少主要体现在春秋两季小雨及中雨的减少上，小雨降水强度在夏、秋两季的气候倾向率分别为0.05和0.04 mm·d-1·10a-1，其上升趋势分别通过了0.01和0.1的显著性检验，这是年均降水强度上升的主要原因；陕西年均降水量及降水日数自1984年出现了突变性下降，而降水强度的突变则出现在2004年，之后一直呈现持续的上升趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 龙卷 阵风锋 地面中尺度辐合线 超级单体风暴 小尺度涡旋 |
Analysis of a Tornado Process in Hainan on June 2016 |
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| Zhao Lei,Wu Kunti,Chen Ming.Analysis of a Tornado Process in Hainan on June 2016[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2018,41(2):71-77. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Lei Wu Kunti Chen Ming |
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| Abstract: | Based on Doppler radar data, combined with weather maps, sounding data at Haikou, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and surface intensive observation data, a tornado process occurred in Jinshan town, Wenchang city on June 5th, 2016 was analyzed. The results showed that the low lifting condensation level and upper layer dry and lower layer wet unstable layer provided water vapor conditions and unstable energy for the occurrence of the strong convection. The low level vertical wind shear, gust front and the surface mesoscale convergence line provided dynamic conditions for strong convection. The supercell storm observed by radar was with classic hook echo and the tornado located in the strong echo region of hook echo salient. A small scale tornado vortex (TVS) was observed wrapped in a strong mesocyclone on the average radial velocity map on 15:15, then the vortex developed downward and the tornado reached the ground. When the tornado happened, the VIL and strong echo center top dropped. It was also found that there was a heat source column extending to the top of troposphere and inclined eastward before the tornado occurred. The inclined structure showed that the vertical wind shear was larger, which was beneficial to the long standing coexist of updraft and downdraft, and this kind of environment was beneficial to storm enhanced to supercell storm. |
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| Keywords: | tornado gust front surface mesoscale convergence line supercell storm small scale vortex |
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