| 华北地区雨季极端降水量的非均匀性特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨艳娟,李明财.华北地区雨季极端降水量的非均匀性特征[J].气象与环境学报,2014,30(4):57-62. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨艳娟 李明财 |
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| 作者单位： | 天津市气候中心，天津 300074 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2011M05);天津市气象局项目(201312)共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用1957-2011年华北地区50个站日降水资料，分析极端降水量的集中度和集中期，探讨华北地区雨季极端降水的非均匀性特征。结果表明：华北地区极端降水量东南部大，西北部小；集中度也为东部大，西部小，即东部地区极端降水较集中，西部地区较分散。极端降水多出现在7月下旬，即华北的主汛期。极端降水量和集中度呈显著减小趋势，集中期减小趋势不显著。华北地区雨季极端降水量的集中度和集中期与同期极端降水量有较好的相关关系，极端降水量越多，极端降水出现越集中，且出现时间越晚；反之亦然。这种关系在环渤海湾地区最显著。分析京津唐地区极端降水发现，极端降水量及其集中度、集中期均呈显著减少趋势。京津唐地区极端降水量在20世纪90年代中期出现突变，90年代后，极端降水量明显减少，且更分散，集中期主要表现为提前。
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| 关 键 词： | 极端降水 集中期 集中度 |
Inhomogeneity characteristic of extreme precipitation during rainy season in North China |
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| YANG Yan-juan,LI Ming-cai.Inhomogeneity characteristic of extreme precipitation during rainy season in North China[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2014,30(4):57-62. |
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| Authors: | YANG Yan-juan LI Ming-cai |
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| Institution: | Tianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the daily precipitation data at 50 weather stations in the North China from 1957 to 2011,con-centration period and concentration degree of extreme precipitation were analyzed and its inhomogeneity was dis-cussed.The results indicate that the number of extreme precipitation is more in the southeast area and less in the northwest of North China.Concentration degree is large in the east and small in the west,namely,extreme precipi-tation concentrates in the east and disperses in the west.Extreme precipitation mainly appears in the last ten days of July which is the main flood period in the North China.Extreme precipitation and concentration degree are in sig-nificantly decreasing trends,while decreasing trend of concentration period is not significant.Extreme precipitation has a close correlation with concentration degree and concentration period.The more extreme precipitation is,the more concentrated extreme precipitation is,the later concentration period is,and vice versa.The above relationship is most significant in the Bohai Bay region.Further analysis show that the trends of extreme precipitation,concen-tration period and concentration degree are in decreasing trends in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan regions.The abrupt change of extreme precipitation occurs in the middle of 1990s in these regions.Extreme precipitation reduces and disperses obviously after 1990s,and concentration period is in advance. |
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| Keywords: | Extreme precipitation Concentration period Concentration degree |
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