| 基于MCI指数的福建省干旱气候特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 庄瑶,鲍瑞娟,张容焱,何金海,汪澜.基于MCI指数的福建省干旱气候特征[J].气象与环境学报,2021,37(5):93-99. |
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| 作者姓名： | 庄瑶 鲍瑞娟 张容焱 何金海 汪澜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京信息工程大学, 江苏 南京 2100002. 福建省气象台, 福建 福州 3500013. 福建省灾害天气重点实验室 福建省气象科学研究所, 福建 福州 3500014. 福建省气候中心, 福建 福州 3500015. 中国气象局上海台风研究所, 上海 200000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1505805);国家自然科学基金(41575052);上海台风研究基金(TFJJ201910);福建省灾害天气重点实验室重大科技专项课题(2020TF06) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用目前国家干旱监测业务实行的MCI指数，利用Morlet小波、经验正交函数（EOF）等方法，分析了福建省1961—2019年全省66个气象站MCI指数表征的干湿状况和干旱变化特征。结果表明：福建省存在明显的干湿气候特征，具有显著的6—8 a和22 a的周期振荡，内陆山区干湿变化周期比沿海长，在季节尺度上各季均存在多时间尺度和地域差异化的特点；其空间变化具有3种典型模态，反映了季风降水多寡和地形差异。MCI表征的干旱过程时空分布与历史干旱事件相吻合，秋季和冬季是福建省干旱发生频率最高的季节，春季和夏季是干旱强度最强的季节；闽江口以南沿海地区干旱发生率明显高于内陆地区，全省出现同步干旱的机率较小（12%）。
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| 关 键 词： | EOF分析 MCI 干旱特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-21 |
MCI-based climatic characteristics of drought in Fujian province |
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| Yao ZHUANG,Rui-juan BAO,Rong-yan ZHANG,Jin-hai HE,Lan WANG.MCI-based climatic characteristics of drought in Fujian province[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2021,37(5):93-99. |
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| Authors: | Yao ZHUANG Rui-juan BAO Rong-yan ZHANG Jin-hai HE Lan WANG |
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| Institution: | 1. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210000, China2. Fujian Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Fuzhou 350001, China3. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather, Fujian Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China4. Climate Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350001, China5. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the meteorological drought composite index (MCI) that was implemented in the national drought monitoring operation system currently, the characteristics of dry and wet conditions and variations of a drought of 66 meteorological stations in Fujian province in the past 59 years were analyzed using Morlet wavelet and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) methods. The results show that Fujian has obvious climatic characteristics of wet and dry seasons with significant periodic oscillations of 6-8 years and 22 years. The variation of wet and dry seasons' period in mountainous inland areas is longer than that in coastal areas. At seasonal scale, each season is featured by multiple time scales and regional differences. The spatial variation has three typical modes, which reflect the differences in monsoon rainfall amount and topography. The spatial and temporal distribution of drought processes expressed by MCI is consistent with historical drought events. Autumn and winter (spring and summer) are the seasons with the highest drought frequency (strongest drought intensity) in Fujian province. The occurrence probability of drought processes in coastal areas at the south of Minjiang River Estuary is significantly higher than that in inland areas, and the occurrence probability of synchronous drought in the whole province is relatively less (12%). |
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| Keywords: | EOF analysis Meteorological drought composite index (MCI) Drought characteristics |
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