| 柴达木盆地1981-2017年降水及大气环流特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕春艳,李旭,刘明歆,李艳,张志瑶.柴达木盆地1981-2017年降水及大气环流特征分析[J].新疆气象,2020,14(3):78-87. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕春艳 李旭 刘明歆 李艳 张志瑶 |
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| 作者单位： | 兰州大学 大气科学学院,兰州大学 大气科学学院,兰州大学 大气科学学院,兰州大学 大气科学学院,格尔木市气象局 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0406602) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于1981~2017年柴达木盆地十个气象台站逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对柴达木盆地降水特征及主要影响的大气环流形势进行了研究。结果表明：1981~2017年柴达木盆地降水东部大于西部,年际降水总体皆呈增加趋势,且东部增势大于西部。降水具有明显周期,其中年际周期主要为1~3年,年内周期主要存在于降水较为集中的夏季,表现为显著的准单周振荡。EOF分析显示柴达木盆地夏季降水主要有两类空间模态,第一模态为空间一致型,第二模态为“中部正、东部西部负”型。进而对影响这两类主要模态的大气环流特征进行分析,结果表明：空间一致降水正异常时,以黑海—蒙古高原—日本海表现为“丝绸之路”型遥相关波列和东亚从低纬到高纬呈现“+-+”的经向型遥相关波列的异常环流形势为特征,水汽主要源于阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾,经青藏高原东侧向北输送至盆地。第二模态降水偏多时大气环流表现为对流层中层欧亚大陆大部分地区为正异常,盆地受异常反气旋的控制,对流层低层中亚异常气旋和异常反气旋相互作用使冷空气南下,西北太平洋的异常反气旋式环流南侧的偏东气流输送水汽,冷暖空气在盆地交汇,使盆地降水偏多。
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| 关 键 词： | 柴达木盆地 夏季降水 环流特征 水汽输送 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/3/1 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/4/29 0:00:00 |
Analysis of precipitation and atmospheric circulation characteristics in Qaidam basin from 1981 to 2017 |
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| LV Chun-yan,LI-Xu,LIU Ming-xin,LI Yan and ZHANG Zhi-yao.Analysis of precipitation and atmospheric circulation characteristics in Qaidam basin from 1981 to 2017[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2020,14(3):78-87. |
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| Authors: | LV Chun-yan LI-Xu LIU Ming-xin LI Yan and ZHANG Zhi-yao |
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| Institution: | College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Geermu Meteorological Bureau |
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| Abstract: | Based on the daily precipitation data of ten meteorological stations in Qaidam Basin and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1981 to 2017, the precipitation characteristics in Qaidam Basin and mainly atmospheric circulations is studied. The results show that the spatial distribution of precipitation of Qaidam Basin in the eastern is larger than that in the western from 1981 to 2017 with the increasing trend, and the increase trend in the eastern Qaidam Basin is larger than that in the western Qaidam Basin. Precipitation has obvious characteristics of periodic variation. The annual period is about 1-3 years, and the seasonal period is quasi-one-week which exists in summer. There are two kinds of spatial modes affecting the summer precipitation in Qaidam Basin by the EOF analysis. The first mode is characterized as the spatial consistent type. The second mode is mainly presented as "precipitation is positively anomaly in the middle and negatively anomaly in the East and west". When the spatial consistent precipitation is positively anomaly, the anomalous circulation situation of the Black Sea-Mongolian Plateau-Japan Sea is characterized by the "Silk Road" type teleconnection wave train and the meridional teleconnection wave train of "+-+" in East Asia from low latitudes to high latitudes. Water vapor mainly originated from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal and transported northward to the basin through the eastern side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. When precipitation of the second mode is positively anomaly, the atmospheric circulation is positive in most areas of Eurasia in the middle troposphere and the basin is controlled by anomalous anticyclone. The interaction between anomalous cyclone and anomalous anticyclone in the lower troposphere makes cold air move southward and the easterly flow of the anomalous anticyclonic circulation southern side of the Northwest Pacific conveys water vapor. Cold and warm air converge in the basin, which causes more precipitation in the basin in summer. |
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| Keywords: | Qaidam Basin Summer Precipitation Circulation Characteristics Water Vapor Transport |
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