| 天津雷暴大风天气的环流场及雷达回波特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王艳春,陈宏,尉英华,张庆,张楠,林晓萌.天津雷暴大风天气的环流场及雷达回波特征分析[J].新疆气象,2023,17(6):119-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王艳春 陈宏 尉英华 张庆 张楠 林晓萌 |
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| 作者单位： | 天津市气象台,天津市气象台,天津市气象台,天津市气象台,天津市气象台,天津市气象台 |
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| 基金项目： | 天津市气象局科研项目(202313ybxm08)；福建省灾害天气重点实验室开放课题(2021KFKT05) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用加密自动站、闪电定位仪、FNL和多普勒雷达资料对2018—2020年汛期(4—9月)天津地区出现的47次雷暴大风过程的时空分布、天气形势和雷达回波特征进行统计分析。结果表明：(1)天津地区雷暴大风多出现在北部山区和东部沿海，高发月份为6—8月，多出现在傍晚到前半夜，持续时间多为1—4小时；(2)天津地区雷暴大风的天气形势主要有西北气流型、冷涡型、低槽型和副高边缘型，其中冷涡型出现频次最高；(3)造成天津地区雷暴大风的对流风暴类型主要有非线状多单体风暴、线状多单体风暴(不包含飑线)、飑线、弓形回波和普通单体风暴，其中飑线数量最多，飑线和弓形回波是造成雷暴大风极端值的主要风暴类型；(4)当最大反射率因子为61 dBZ、强回波中心下降率为1.6 km·6min-1上下时发生雷暴大风的可能性最高；(5)根据低层径向速度大值区，可对15.4%的非线状多单体风暴、14.3%的线状多单体风暴和22.2%的飑线雷暴大风提前30 min发布预警。
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| 关 键 词： | 雷暴大风 天气形势 风暴类型 雷达回波特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/11/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/5/9 0:00:00 |
Circulation field and radar characteristics of thunderstorm gales in Tianjin |
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| Abstract: | During flood season from 2018 to 2020, the spatiotemporal distribution and synoptic situations as well as radar characteristics of thunderstorm gales in Tianjin were documented using AWS, lightning?location?data, FNL data and Doppler radar data. The results are as follows. (1)Thunderstorm gales in Tianjin mostly occur in the northern mountains and the eastern coastal area, most in June to August and from dusk to the first half of the night. The duration of thunderstorm gales is usually 1 to 4 hours. (2)The weather pattern were classified into four types including subtropical high periphery type, cold vortex type, low trough type and northwest airflow type, among which the cold vortex type is the most. (3)The convective storms were classified into five types including multicell cluster storm, multicell line storm, squall line, bow echo and single cell storm. The squall lines are the most. Squall line and bow echo are the main types that cause extreme values for thunderstorm gales. (4)The possibility of thunderstorm gales is highest when the maximum reflectivity factor is around 61 dBZ, the falling rate of strong echo center is around 1.6 km·6min-1. (5)15.4% multicell cluster storm, 14.3% multicell line storm and 22.2% squall line thunderstorm gales can be warned 30 minutes ahead of time according to large value area of radial velocity in the lower level. |
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| Keywords: | thunderstorm gale synoptic situations storm types radar characteristics |
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