| 春季沙尘天气对内蒙古相关城市颗粒物污染影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱蓉,王式功.春季沙尘天气对内蒙古相关城市颗粒物污染影响研究[J].新疆气象,2018,12(3):18-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱蓉 王式功 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都信息工程大学,成都信息工程大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）和国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”重点专项共同资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 沙尘天气是造成我国北方春季区域性沙尘型重污染的主要原因，然而目前对此研究并不多见。因此，本文利用中国环保网2014年1月1日-2016年12月31日内蒙古11个城市环境监测站的颗粒物浓度的逐日和逐时资料，首先分析近3年该地区颗粒物污染浓度的年变化特征，然后对比这3年沙尘天气发生的次数及时段，探究颗粒物污染的年变化特征及其与沙尘天气之关系。统计结果表明，近3年春季内蒙古沙尘天气的发生次数是逐年增加的，中西部是沙尘天气频发区，与之相对应，西部颗粒物浓度的年变化高于东部，且造成内蒙古主要城市PM10浓度春季出现全年的最高值，表明沙尘天气频繁发生对当地粗颗粒物污染有显著的影响。对比内蒙古全年3个时间段的PM10浓度值，其排序是：春季沙尘期间＞春季非沙尘期间＞其他季节；即春季沙尘期间PM10浓度比非沙尘期间高69%，比其他季节高101%。有所不同的是，3个时间段平均PM2.5浓度排序则为：春季沙尘期间＞其他季节＞春季非沙尘期间；春季沙尘期间PM2.5的平均浓度比其他季节高16%，比春季非沙尘期间高29%；可见，春季沙尘天气对相关城市PM10浓度的影响明显大于对PM2.5浓度的影响。最后对内蒙古地区典型沙尘暴和扬沙个例进行细致研究, 发现沙尘暴个例中PM10浓度的增加倍数在2.3~15.1之间，而扬沙过程PM10浓度的增加倍数在0.8~5.6之间，两者相比可看出，沙尘暴过程对颗粒物污染的影响显著大于扬沙过程。
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| 关 键 词： | 春季沙尘天气 颗粒物污染 PM10与PM2.5 内蒙古地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/8/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/12/19 0:00:00 |
The influence of Sand-dust Weather on Particulate Matter Pollution in the Cities of Inner Mongolia in Spring |
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| zhurong and wangshigong.The influence of Sand-dust Weather on Particulate Matter Pollution in the Cities of Inner Mongolia in Spring[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2018,12(3):18-25. |
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| Authors: | zhurong and wangshigong |
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| Institution: | Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu University of Information Technology |
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| Abstract: | Dust weather is the main cause of heavy dust pollution in northern China, but there is not much research on this.Therefore, the daily and hourly information of particulate concentration of 11 cities in Inner Mongolia from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016 are used in this paper.First, the annual variation characteristics of particulate pollution concentration in the area in recent three years are analyzed.Then,by comparing the frequency and duration of sand dust events over the past 3 years to explore the annual change characteristics of the particulate matter and the contact with the dust weather.And the analysis shows that the occurrence of dust weather in Inner Mongolia in the past three years is increasing year by year, the Midwest is a frequent sandstorm.Correspondingly, the annual variation of particle concentration in the west is higher than that in the East.In addition, the highest concentration of PM10 in the main cities of Inner Mongolia occurs in spring, indicating that the frequent occurrence of dust weather has a significant impact on the local coarse particulate pollution. Compared with the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in three periods of the whole year, the variation of PM10 concentration is: spring dust period > spring non sand dust period > other seasons.During spring dust, the average concentration of PM10 is 69% higher than that during spring dust free season, 101% higher than other seasons.What is different is that the average concentration of PM2.5 in the three time periods is: spring dust period > other seasons > spring non sand dust period.During spring dust, the average concentration of PM2.5 is 16% higher than that of other seasons, 29% higher than that during spring dust free period.It can be seen that the influence of dust weather on concentration of PM10 in the related cities is obviously greater than that on PM2.5 in spring.Finally,a case study of typical dust storm and blowing sand in Inner Mongolia area is carried out. It is found that the increase factor of PM10 concentration is between 2.3~15.1 in case of sand storm, and the increase factor of PM10 concentration during sand blowing is between 0.8~5.6.The comparison shows that dust storm process has a greater impact on particle pollution than sand blowing process. |
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| Keywords: | spring dust weather particulate pollution PM10 and PM2 5 Inner Mongolia area |
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