| 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地晴天与沙尘暴天气大气边界层对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张建涛,王敏仲,何清,王延慧,潘红林,张志新.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地晴天与沙尘暴天气大气边界层对比分析[J].新疆气象,2024,18(1):50-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张建涛 王敏仲 何清 王延慧 潘红林 张志新 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆气象局,新疆维吾尔自治区气象灾害防御技术中心,中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,中国三峡新能源集团股份有限公司新疆分公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国沙漠气象科学研究基金（Sqj2019001）；新疆自治区杰出青年科学基金项目（2022D01E07）；国家自然科学基金（42030612）；科技创新团队（天山创新团队）项目（2022TSYCTD0007）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2017、2019年7月塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地GPS探空观测数据和地面观测资料,对比分析了沙漠腹地夏季晴天和沙尘暴天气大气边界层结构变化特征。结果表明：晴天和沙尘暴天气大气边界层结构显著不同,两者的位温、风速和比湿垂直分布规律差异较大。晴天大气边界层各气象要素垂直分布较为均一,形成深厚的对流边界层,高度可达5000m,夜间稳定边界层一般在500m左右。沙尘暴天气边界层内各气象要素垂直分布变化较大,白天对流边界层在1500m左右,而夜间稳定边界层在1000m左右。在陆面过程中,晴天净辐射强烈,地表增温迅速,近地层感热通量能量充足,为对流运动和湍流运动提供了热力条件,是形成深厚的对流边界层主要因素。而沙尘暴天气因云和沙尘颗粒的影响,阻挡了到达地表的辐射轻度,减弱了外部的热力条件,同时大尺度天气系统冷平流提供了充足的动力条件,迫使低空2000m高度范围的温度减小,风速增大,并携带大量的水汽,导致气象要素垂直分布特征改变,并最终形成了沙尘暴天气独特的大气边界层结构特征。
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| 关 键 词： | 大气边界层、沙尘暴、陆面过程、塔克拉玛干沙漠 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/6/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/8/20 0:00:00 |
Comparative analysis of atmospheric boundary layer sunny day and sandstorm in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert |
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| ZHANG Jiantao,WANG Minzhong,HE Qing,WANG Yanhui,PAN Honglin and ZHANG Zhixin.Comparative analysis of atmospheric boundary layer sunny day and sandstorm in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2024,18(1):50-58. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jiantao WANG Minzhong HE Qing WANG Yanhui PAN Honglin and ZHANG Zhixin |
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| Institution: | Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration,Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau,Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau,Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,China Three Gorgeous RenewablesGroup Co,Ltd |
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| Abstract: | Based on the GPS sounding test data and ground observation data in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert in July 2017 and 2019, the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer structure changes in summer sunny weather and sandstorm weather in the hinterland of the desert were compared and analyzed. The results show that the atmospheric boundary layer structure is significantly different between sunny weather and sandstorm weather, and the vertical distribution of potential temperature, wind speed and specific humidity are quite different. In sunny days, the vertical distribution of meteorological elements in the atmospheric boundary layer is relatively uniform, forming a deep convective boundary layer with a height of up to 5000m, and the stable boundary layer at night is generally about 500m. The vertical distribution of meteorological elements in the boundary layer of sandstorm weather changes greatly. The convective boundary layer is about 1500m during the day, while the stable boundary layer is about 1000m at night. In the land surface process, the net radiation is strong on sunny days, the surface temperature is rapid, and the sensible heat flux energy in the near layer is sufficient, which provides thermal conditions for convective and turbulent motion, and is the main factor for the formation of deep convective boundary layer. However, due to the influence of clouds and dust particles, sandstorm weather blocks the light radiation reaching the surface and weakens the external thermal conditions. At the same time, the cold advection of large-scale weather system provides sufficient dynamic conditions, forcing the temperature of low altitude 2000m to decrease, the wind speed to increase, and carrying a large amount of water vapor, resulting in changes in the vertical distribution characteristics of meteorological elements. Finally, the unique structural characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer in sandstorm weather were formed. |
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| Keywords: | atmospheric boundary layer sandstorm Taklimakan desert land surface process |
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