| 乌鲁木齐河流域参考作物蒸散量时空变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 普宗朝,张山清,李景林,黄新,孙月琴,阿帕尔.乌鲁木齐河流域参考作物蒸散量时空变化特征[J].新疆气象,2008,2(1):41-45. |
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| 作者姓名： | 普宗朝 张山清 李景林 黄新 孙月琴 阿帕尔 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]乌鲁木齐市气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]昌吉市气象局,新疆昌吉831100 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆气象局科研项目(200708)资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 根据乌鲁木齐河流域5个气象站近30a的地面气象观测资料.应用1998年FAO最新推荐的Penman-Monteith公式计算了各月参考作物蒸散量ETo,在此基础上,分析了ETo的月际和年际变化特征,并探讨了各气候要素和海拔高度与ETo的相关关系。结果表明,乌鲁木齐河流域ETo空间变化较大。从山前冲洪积平原的人工绿洲区到高寒地带的乌鲁木齐河源头ETo多年平均值呈明显递减趋势,平均垂直递减率为17.3mm.（100m）-1;30a来,流域各站的年参考作物蒸散量ETo均呈递减趋势,递减速率为-0.05mm.a-1～-5.21mm.a-1;ETo与平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温、空气相对湿度、风速、日照时数、降水量和小型蒸发皿蒸发量均具有较好的相关性;造成近30a乌鲁木齐河流域参考作物蒸散量呈递减趋势的气候原因是：气温、空气相对湿度升高和降水增多以及风速、日照时数减小等气候变化综合作用的结果。
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| 关 键 词： | 乌鲁木齐河流域 参考作物蒸散量 PENMAN-MONTEITH公式 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-0799(2008)01-0041-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007年6月20日 |
Change Characteristics of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Urumqi River Basin |
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| PU Zong-chao,ZHANG Shan-qing,LI Jing-lin,HUANG Xin,SUN Yue-qin,Apaer.Change Characteristics of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Urumqi River Basin[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2008,2(1):41-45. |
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| Authors: | PU Zong-chao ZHANG Shan-qing LI Jing-lin HUANG Xin SUN Yue-qin Apaer |
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| Institution: | PU Zong-chao, ZHANG Shan-qing, LI Jing-lin, HUANG Xin, SUN Yue-qin, Apaer ( 1. Urumqi Meteorological Bureau of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China; 2. Changji Meteorological Bureau of Xinjiang, Changji 831100, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the meteorological data collected from five weather stations in recent 30 years in Urumqi River Basin, the monthly reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） were calculated with the Penman-Monteith formula which recommended by FAO in 1998, the spatio-temporal change characteristics about ET0 were analyzed, the correlations of ET0with altitude and major climate factors such as seasonal and annual average temperature, average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature, average relative humidity, average wind speed, sunshine hours, rainfall and water evaporation measured by Pan at the same station were discussed. The results showed that the spatial variation of ET0 values was obvious and these values was decreasing from the oasis of alluvial plain in front of mountainous to Urumqi Riverhead of the arctic-alpine zone, the average vertical variation rate were 17.3mm ·（100m）^-1, and the temporal values of ET0 had a decreasing tendencies in the past 30 year in Urumqi River Basin, the average variation rate were -0.05mm · a ^-1- -5.21mm ·a ^-1. The coefficients of correlations of ET0 with the above major climate factors were significant. The climatical reasons that resulted in the decreasing trend of ET0 in Urumqi River Basin were climate warming and wetting, increasing rainfall, decreasing sunshine hours and average wind speed in the past 30a . |
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| Keywords: | Urumqi River Basin reference crop evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith formula |
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