| 广东一次雷暴过程的宏微观及电特征的数值模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭凤霞,黄兆楚,王曼霏,李扬,穆奕君,廉纯皓,曾凡辉.广东一次雷暴过程的宏微观及电特征的数值模拟[J].热带气象学报,2018,34(5):626-636. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭凤霞 黄兆楚 王曼霏 李扬 穆奕君 廉纯皓 曾凡辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/ 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室，江苏 南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划2017YFC1501503中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项2016Z002国家自然科学基金项目91537209国家自然科学基金项目41875002 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用三维雷暴云动力-电耦合数值模式，模拟了2015年7月17日广东清远一次系统性强雷暴过程，探究此次雷暴的宏微观及电活动特征，从微物理角度出发，分析电荷结构的复杂成因。结果表明，由于水汽充足，上升气流速度大，云体高度高，小粒子随着强上升气流快速上升，迅速增长为雨滴等大粒子，降水出现早，强度大，较高的气温，使得很难产生固态降水。本次过程中，电荷结构由三极性结构逐渐演变成偶极性结构，这是由于霰的自动转化作用较强，中层霰粒在雷暴云成熟期转化为雹下落，上升气流由于强降水的发生不能维持，冰晶和霰粒子分布区域重合面积减少，非感应起电减弱，使得下部电荷结构消散。较高的电荷区高度使得云闪数目远远多于地闪数目。
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| 关 键 词： | 积云模式 广东地区 水凝物粒子 电荷结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-09-15 |
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MACRO-PHYSICAL,MICRO-PHYSICAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A THUNDERSTORM IN GUANGDONG CHINA |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/ Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/ Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
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| Abstract: | Guangdong is located in low latitudes. The Tropic of Cancer runs through its middle and the elevation angle of the sun is large. The temperature is high. The air is always in an unstable state. In order to verify the conclusion of the observation of thunderstorm, a three-dimensional dynamics-electrification coupled model is uesd to analyzed a severe thundersrorm on July 17, 2015 in Qingyuan to discuss the particularity of macrography, microphysics and electrification feature and the causes of formation. The results indicate that this process has adequate moisture, strong updraft and high cloud height. Small particles rise rapidly with the strong updraft, and rapidly grow into large particles such as raindrops. Precipitation occurs early with strong intensity. Meanwhile, the temperature in Guangdong is higher and it is difficult to produce solid precipitation. The charge structure of this thunderstorm in Guangdong is not a simplex dipole structure considered by most researchers. It transforms from tripole charge structure to dipole distribution. The middle graupel in the thunderstorm during the maturity changes into hail falling. Because the updraft cannot maintain in the strong precipitation, overlapped area of ice and graupel distribution is reduced. The weakening of a non-inductive collisional charging mechanism between graupel and ice makes the lower positive charge center dissipate. The number of cloud-lighting is very large, while the number of ground-lighting is small. In low latitudes, the troposphere has a higher height. The height of the cloud extends to about 17 km. Higher charge area makes the number of cloud-lightening much larger than that of the ground-lightening. |
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