| 全球大气温度廓线的统计特性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗双,尹球.全球大气温度廓线的统计特性分析[J].热带气象学报,2019,35(4):556-566. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗双 尹球 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海市气象局，上海 200030 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市气象局科技开发项目YJ201408上海市气象局气象新苗培养计划2018—2020年 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用欧洲数值预报中心发布的第三代ERA-Interim月平均再分析资料对1979—2016年全球大气温度廓线进行统计，分别探讨了南、北半球大气温度廓线平均值和标准差随季节、纬度和海陆的时空分布特征，并与国内外常用的AFGL标准大气廓线进行了对比。研究结果表明:南、北半球各高度层温度的平均值、频数最大温度区间和最大值垂直分布均随高度先减小后增加；在大气低层，多年的温度波动较大，200 hPa处波动达到最小；不论是北半球还是南半球，大气温度平均值廓线均具有典型的纬度差异，其中低纬度季节性差异较小，中纬度次之，高纬季节性差异最大；各季节大气温度廓线的海陆差异不同，且南半球海陆差异比北半球大。大气温度标准差廓线同样存在纬度、海陆和季节分布差异。根据ECMWF再分析资料构建的温度廓线较AFGL标准大气廓线而言具有更加丰富的时空分布等细节特征，并且代表了气候变化后最新的大气温度状况。有关结果可作为现有标准大气廓线的更新和完善，为新型卫星仪器应用性能评估、辐射传输算法和大气反演方法评价和对比分析提供支持。
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| 关 键 词： | ERA-Interim 垂直廓线 时空分布 温度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-09-02 |
STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TEMPERATURE VERTICAL PROFILE |
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| LUO Shuang and YIN Qiu.STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TEMPERATURE VERTICAL PROFILE[J].Journal of Tropical Meteorology,2019,35(4):556-566. |
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| Authors: | LUO Shuang and YIN Qiu |
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| Institution: | 1.Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai 200030, China2.Meterological Satellite User's Office of CMA, Shanghai 200030, China3.Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on ERA-Interim monthly means reanalysis data published by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, the global temperature vertical profiles during the period of 1979 to 2016 are analyzed. The major research contents include the temporal & spatial statistical characteristics of mean and standard deviation of temperature profiles over the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as a comparison with AFGL standard atmospheric profile. The results are shown as follows: (1) The mean, highest frequency and maximum vertical distribution of temperature at each altitude layer in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres first decreases and then increases with height. The temperature fluctuation is large in the lower atmosphere and reaches the minimum at 200hPa between 1979 to 2016; (2) Both in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, the vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature have latitudinal discrepancies. Seasonal difference in the low latitude is small, while in the middle latitude and high latitude is obvious. Temperature profiles over land and sea are different in each season, and the differences in the Southern Hemisphere is bigger than those in the Northern Hemisphere. The standard deviation profile of atmospheric temperature also has spatial and temporal distribution differences; (3) The temperature profile based on ECMWF reanalysis data has more details such as time and space distribution characteristics than AFGL standard profile and represents the atmospheric temperature after climate change. This study can provide large supports for new satellite instrument application performance evaluation, radiation transmission algorithm and atmospheric inversion method evaluation and comparative analysis, updating and optimizing current standard atmospheric profile. |
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| Keywords: | ERA-Interim vertical profile spatial and temporal temperature |
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