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2004年我国天气气候特点
引用本文:徐良炎,姜允迪.2004年我国天气气候特点[J].气象,2005,31(4):35-38.
作者姓名:徐良炎  姜允迪
作者单位:国家气候中心,中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京,100081
摘    要:2004年,全国平均年降水量较常年偏少,且时空分布不均。春李至初夏,东北西部、内蒙古东部地区出现近50年来最严重的干旱;秋季,华南、长江中下游地区发生大范围的严重干旱。汛期,我国大江大河未发生大的流域性洪涝灾害,但局地性强降雨造成的暴雨洪涝和滑坡、泥石流等灾害比较频繁,四川、重庆、云南、河南、湖北、湖南等省市损失较重。全国年平均气温较常年明显偏高,但阶段性起伏变化较大,冬、春、秋季部分地区遭受低温冻害或雪灾,夏季南方出现持续高温天气。年内,有8个台风(热带风暴)登陆我国,其中台风“云娜”给浙江造成严重损失。雷雨大风、冰雹、雷击等局地强对流天气发生频繁。春季北方沙尘天气较上年同期增多。综合分析,2004年我国气候总体正常,气象灾害偏轻,属于偏好年景。

关 键 词:2004年  天气气候特点  长江中下游地区  年平均气温  强对流天气  年降水量  时空分布  东北西部  东部地区  洪涝灾害  暴雨洪涝  低温冻害  部分地区  高温天气  热带风暴  雷雨大风  沙尘天气  综合分析  气象灾害  50年  内蒙古  大范围

Characteristics of Weather and Climate in China during 2004
Xu Liangyan,Jiang Yundi.Characteristics of Weather and Climate in China during 2004[J].Meteorological Monthly,2005,31(4):35-38.
Authors:Xu Liangyan  Jiang Yundi
Abstract:As for 2004, the annual total precipitation mean by whole country is less than usually annual quantity and uneven in spatial and temporal distribution. From the spring to the beginning of the summer, the heaviest drought occurred in the area of the west of Northeast and the east of inner-Mongolia in 2004 of the last 50 years, while as to the autumn, the heaviest drought on a large scale occurred in the south of China and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. In the flood season, there was no heavy flood disaster in a valley scale in the main river of our country, but heavy rain, flood, surged slope, and mud-stone flow caused by locally heavy rain occurred very frequently. The loss caused by these disasters was serious in Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan provinces, and so on. Annual mean temperature on the whole country scale was on the obvious higher than usually annual mean temperature, but staggered undulation of temperature was obvious. Parts of area encountered low temperature disaster or snow disaster in the winter, the spring and the fall. The south maintained durative high temperature in the summer. Eight typhoons (tropical storm) landed in 2004. Thereinto, the typhoon named Yunna caused serious damage in Zhejiang Province. The locally strong convective weather such as thunder rain and heavy wind as well as hailstone and lightning strike occurred frequently. The dust weather increased compared with the corresponding period of last year. As a whole, the climate in 2004 is natural, and the meteorological disaster is less. In short, 2004 is a better meteorological year.
Keywords:weather and climate  drought/flood  typhoon
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