| 基于观测资料的我国天气现象时空分布分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张雪芬,杜波,汤志亚,李涛,李肖霞.基于观测资料的我国天气现象时空分布分析[J].气象,2013,39(11):1452-1460. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张雪芬 杜波 汤志亚 李涛 李肖霞 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象局气象探测中心，北京 100081;中国气象局气象探测中心，北京 100081;成都信息工程学院，成都 610225;南京信息工程大学，南京 210044;中国气象局气象探测中心，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局中小型基建“云能天自动化观测设备试验考核及业务推广相关建设”资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用全国576个台站1961—2010年天气现象观测资料,对34种天气现象年平均发生频率、昼夜分布特征、代表性天气现象和区域代表站天气现象的发生情况等进行了统计分析。结果表明:雨、露、结冰、阵雨、轻雾、霜、雷暴天气现象的年平均发生频率较高，极光、龙卷、雪暴等天气现象的年平均发生频率极低。近年来，雾的发生呈缓慢下降趋势，轻雾呈缓慢上升趋势，霾在2000年后快速发展，且发生地点逐步扩大。天气现象的发生具有一定的地域性，但各地多发天气现象的前20种基本相似，仅发生频率排序不同。
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| 关 键 词： | 天气现象， 空间分布， 昼夜分布， 代表性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012/9/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/12/31 0:00:00 |
Spatio Temporal Distribution of Weather Phenomena in China |
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| ZHANG Xuefen,DU Bo,TANG Zhiy,LI Tao and LI Xiaoxia.Spatio Temporal Distribution of Weather Phenomena in China[J].Meteorological Monthly,2013,39(11):1452-1460. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xuefen DU Bo TANG Zhiy LI Tao and LI Xiaoxia |
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| Abstract: | The average frequency, characteristics of circadian distribution, representative weather events of 34 kinds of weather phenomena and the observed weather phenomena at regional representative stations are analyzed by using the observation data from 576 stations during 1961-2010. The results show that rain, dew, freezing, shower, mist and frost have higher annual average frequency, while polar lights, tornado and snowstorm etc. do not occur very often. In recent years, the occurrence of fog is in a slowly decreasing trend but mist increases gradually. Haze has become more since 2000 and the hit area is enlarged more and more. The occurrence of weather events has regional characteristics, but the top 20 types in different areas are similar, only the rank of the frequency is different. |
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| Keywords: | weather phenomenon spatial distribution circadian distribution representativeness |
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