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2005年“5.31”湖南暴雨过程触发维持机制
引用本文:李峰,张芳华,熊敏诠,杨克明,毛冬艳.2005年“5.31”湖南暴雨过程触发维持机制[J].气象,2006,32(3):71-77.
作者姓名:李峰  张芳华  熊敏诠  杨克明  毛冬艳
作者单位:国家气象中心,北京,100081
摘    要:利用实时观测资料和NCEP 1°×1°的6小时再分析场,对2005年5月31日至6月1日湖南暴雨发生的大尺度背景、环境场条件以及触发、维持机制进行了分析和诊断.结果表明高低空急流的优势配置,耦合形势的建立以及高空急流右侧的强辐散场的存在为暴雨的发生提供了有利的环境条件;从低层到中高层偏南暖湿气流的突然爆发对暴雨对流系统的启动十分重要,暖湿空气在中高层凝结释放潜热,加热高层大气,对上升气流起到正反馈作用;200hPa大气的强"抽吸"效应对此次暴雨过程的维持和发展起着主导作用,并且和凝结加热相互作用.

关 键 词:暴雨  环境条件  维持机制
收稿时间:2005-08-30
修稿时间:2005-08-302005-10-27

Environment Field and Maintaining Mechanism Analysis of "5.31" Heavy Rainfall in Hunan in 2005
Li Feng,Zhang Fanghua,Xiong Minquan,Yang Keming,Mao Dongyan.Environment Field and Maintaining Mechanism Analysis of "5.31" Heavy Rainfall in Hunan in 2005[J].Meteorological Monthly,2006,32(3):71-77.
Authors:Li Feng  Zhang Fanghua  Xiong Minquan  Yang Keming  Mao Dongyan
Abstract:Large-scale background, environment field and triggering, maintaining mechanism are diagnosed with the observation data and NCEP 6-hourly reanalysis data with resolution 1°×1°. The results show that erectness of coupling pattern between upper-layer jet and low jet and a divergence area, which came forth in right of upper-layer jet provide favorable surrounding conditions. It's vital for triggering the rainfall that warm and moist southerly airflow erupt from low layer to the upper-mid of troposphere. Latent heat release from vapor condensation plays positive feedback to the ascending air. It's a key for the heavy rainfall maintaining and development that a strong pump at 200hPa exists, which interacts with vapor condensation heating.
Keywords:heavy rainfall environment conditions maintaining mechanism
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