| 2018年常州一次罕见持续性雾-霾天气分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 雷正翠,郑媛媛,刘银峰,孙康远,刘端阳,何涛,吴晶璐,周文君.2018年常州一次罕见持续性雾-霾天气分析[J].气象,2019,45(8):1123-1134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 雷正翠 郑媛媛 刘银峰 孙康远 刘端阳 何涛 吴晶璐 周文君 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省常州市气象局，常州 213022; 中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室，南京 210008,中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室，南京 210008,浙江省景宁县气象局，景宁 323500,中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室，南京 210008,中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室，南京 210008,江苏省常州市环境监测中心，常州 213001,江苏省常州市气象局，常州 213022,江苏省盐城市气象局，盐城 224005 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部国家大气污染专项项目（JFYS2016YFC0201903和JFYS2016YFC0203303）、江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”项目（BRA2016565）、江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20160041）、江苏省气象局重点项目（KZ201902）和江苏省气象科学研究所北极阁基金项目（BJG201703）共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用常规气象观测资料、探空资料、污染物浓度及AQI资料、NCEP再分析资料等，对2018年11月24日至12月3日夜间常州持续11 d的强浓雾和严重霾天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：（1）此次雾-霾过程持续时间长、范围广、强度大、污染重。（2）中纬度地区高层持续纬向环流控制、中低层暖脊稳定存在，地面持续受均压场或弱倒槽顶部、弱冷锋前部影响，是这次持续性雾-霾过程的重要天气条件。（3）边界层内弱辐散、负涡度及弱的下沉气流是此次雾-霾天气得以长时间维持、发展的动力因子。近地层长时间水汽饱和且维持小风速利于雾-霾的长时间维持。（4）近地面高强度的贴地逆温长时间维持和持续较低的混合层高度是此次雾-霾形成、发展和长时间维持的重要热力条件。雾比霾的平均混合层高度明显偏低且霾等级越高混合层高度越低，混合层高度的变化先于能见度变化，对雾-霾临近预警有较好的指导作用。（5）弱冷空气渗透、风速适当增加、混合层高度的先期快速下降、负净辐射曝辐量绝对值的明显增大是雾爆发性增强的主要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 持续雾-霾，气象要素，污染物，逆温层，混合层高度，爆发性增强 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/1/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/6/5 0:00:00 |
Causes Analyses of a Severe Continuous Fog-Haze Weather Process in Changzhou in 2018 |
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| LEI Zhengcui,ZHENG Yuanyuan,LIU Yinfeng,SUN Kangyuan,LIU Duanyang,HE Tao,WU Jinglu and ZHOU Wenjun.Causes Analyses of a Severe Continuous Fog-Haze Weather Process in Changzhou in 2018[J].Meteorological Monthly,2019,45(8):1123-1134. |
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| Authors: | LEI Zhengcui ZHENG Yuanyuan LIU Yinfeng SUN Kangyuan LIU Duanyang HE Tao WU Jinglu and ZHOU Wenjun |
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| Institution: | Changzhou Meteorological Office of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou 213022; Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, CMA, Nanjing 210008,Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, CMA, Nanjing 210008,Jingning Weather Station of Zhejiang Province, Jingning 323500,Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, CMA, Nanjing 210008,Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, CMA, Nanjing 210008,Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou 213001,Changzhou Meteorological Office of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou 213022 and Yancheng Meteorological Office of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng 224005 |
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| Abstract: | Using conventional meteorological observation data, sounding data, pollutant concentration and AQI data, NCEP reanalysis data, the causes of a severe persistent fog-haze weather in Changzhou from November 24 to December 3, 2018 were analyzed. The results show that this fog-haze process lasted a long time with wide scope, large density and heavy pollution. The upper latitudinal circulation was dominant in the upper latitudes during the fog-haze period, and the warm ridges in the middle and lower layers were stable. The surface was continuously affected by the uniform pressure field or the top of weak inverted trough or the front of weak cold front, which provided a favorable circulation background for the continuous occurrence and development of fog-haze. The weak divergence, negative vorticity and weak downdraft in the boundary layer were the dynamic factors for the development of fog-haze weather. Long-time moisture saturation and low wind speed were beneficial to the occurrence and development of fog and haze. The average mixing layer height of fog was obviously lower than that of haze. The higher the haze level, the lower the height of the mixed layer. The change of mixing layer height was prior to the change of visibility, which was a guidance for the early warning of the fog-haze. The infiltration of weak cold air, proper increase of wind speed, rapid decline of mixing layer height and significant increase in the absolute value of negative net radiation exposure were the causes for the explosion of fog. |
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| Keywords: | continuous fog-haze meteorological elements pollutant inversion layer mixing layer height explosive enhancement |
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