| 土壤湿度年际异常对中国春、夏季气候模拟的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙莉娟,陈海山,潘敖大,周晶,李启芬.土壤湿度年际异常对中国春、夏季气候模拟的影响[J].气象科学,2015,35(5):521-533. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙莉娟 陈海山 潘敖大 周晶 李启芬 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京 210044,南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京 210044,厦门市气象局, 福建 厦门 361000,江苏省气象局, 南京 210008,南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41075082;41230422);江苏省自然科学基金-杰出青年基金项目(BK20130047);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于NCAR大气模式CAM3.1模式,设计了有、无土壤湿度年际异常两组试验对中国区域近40a(1961-2000年)气候进行了模拟。从气候态和年际变率的角度,通过分析两组试验的差值场来探讨土壤湿度年际异常对气候模拟的影响,并初步探讨了影响的可能机制。结果表明:模式模拟的温度和降水对土壤湿度的年际异常非常敏感,土壤湿度的年际变化对中国春夏季气候及其年际变率均有显著影响。当不考虑土壤湿度年际异常时,模式模拟的春夏季平均温度、最高温度、最低温度在我国大范围内降低,春夏季降水在东部大部分地区明显减少,西部增加。而模式模拟的春夏季温度、降水年际变率在中国大部分地区减弱。但当考虑土壤湿度的年际变化,则能在一定程度上提高模式对气候年际变率的模拟能力。在进一步分析表明土壤湿度年际异常时,主要通过改变地表能量通量和环流场,对温度、降水产生影响。当不考虑土壤湿度年际异常时,地表净辐射通量减少,地表温度降低,感热通量减少。感热通量差值场的空间变化和温度差值场的空间变化一致,感热通量对温度有一定影响。而潜热通量差值场的空间变化和降水的差值场的空间变化一致,可见降水受地表潜热通量的影响。土壤湿度年际异常引起的环流场的变化也是导致气候变化的原因之一,地表能量和环流场年际变率的改变对春夏季气候年际变率存在一定影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤湿度 年际异常 年际变率 数值模拟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/9/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/11/26 0:00:00 |
Impacts of interannual soil moisture anomaly on climate simulation in spring and summer over China |
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| SUN Lijuan,CHEN Haishan,PAN Aod,ZHOU Jing and LI Qifen.Impacts of interannual soil moisture anomaly on climate simulation in spring and summer over China[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2015,35(5):521-533. |
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| Authors: | SUN Lijuan CHEN Haishan PAN Aod ZHOU Jing and LI Qifen |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China,Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China,Xiamen Meteorological Bureau, Fujian Xiamen 361000, China,Jiangsu Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210008, China and Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
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| Abstract: | The NCAR Community Atmosphere Model(CAM3.1) was used to design two numerical experiments in order to explore the impacts of interannual soil moisture anomaly on climate simulation in spring and summer during 1961-2000 over China. Moreover, the related mechanisms were also discussed preliminarily. Results show that the temperature and precipitation simulated by the model are sensitive to the soil moisture anomaly, and the decadal variation of soil moisture has significant impacts on the climatology and interannual variability of the climate events in spring and summer over China. Without considering the interannual soil moisture anomaly, the average, maximum and minimum simulated temperature over the most areas of China reduced, the precipitation significantly decreased over eastern China in spring and summer while increased over western China, and the interannual variability of temperature and precipitation over China decreased obviously. With considering the interannual variation of soil moisture, the model capability of simulating the climate variability improved. The further analysis on the interannual soil moisture anomaly indicated that the soil moisture anomaly mainly affected temperature and precipitation through changing the surface energy and atmospheric circulation. Without considering soil moisture anomaly, the surface net radiation flux decreased, the surface temperature reduced, and the sensible heat flux declined. The spatial variation of sensible heat flux difference was the same as that of temperature, so the sensible heat flux had a certain impact on temperature. Moreover, the spatial variation of latent heat flux difference was in accordance with that of precipitation, so the latent heat flux affected the precipitation. The variation of circulation field caused by soil moisture anomary affected the climate, and the surface energy and interannual variability of circulation field influenced the interannual climate variation to some extent. |
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| Keywords: | Soil moisture Interannual anomaly Interannual variability Numerical simulation |
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