| 台风“利奇马”影响期间浙江沿海海浪特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王毅,涂小萍,蒋璐璐,方艳莹,徐彬.台风“利奇马”影响期间浙江沿海海浪特征分析[J].气象科学,2020,40(1):97-105. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王毅 涂小萍 蒋璐璐 方艳莹 徐彬 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁波市气象台, 浙江 宁波 315012,宁波市气象台, 浙江 宁波 315012,宁波市气象台, 浙江 宁波 315012,宁波市气象服务中心, 浙江 宁波 315012,象山县气象局, 浙江 宁波 315700 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁波市科技局公益计划项目（2019C50004）；浙江省气象科技计划项目（2018YB03） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用浮标资料,对“利奇马”影响期间浙江沿海风和海浪特征及其关系进行分析,并对欧洲中心模式预报与实况进行对比,基于模式预报分析海浪的空间结构。结果发现:(1)随着台风靠近、登陆和远离,海浪波型经历了混合浪—风浪—混合浪的变化,且最大波高越大周期越长,浙江南部沿海海浪较北部沿海更具风浪特点;(2)浪高受风速影响大,北部沿海更为明显,持续风向对浪高增大有明显作用,当风向由向岸转为与海岸线平行、或由与海岸线平行转为离岸时,浪高迅速减小,反之浪高迅速增大;(3)台风靠近和影响浙江时,有效波高与风速的等值线平行,7、8、10级风分别与巨浪、狂浪、狂涛区有很好的对应,有效波高越高,风速对波高的决定作用越明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 台风 利奇马 海浪 波型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/9/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/10/24 0:00:00 |
Analysis of wave characteristics along Zhejiang coast during typhoon “Lekima” |
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| WANG Yi,TU Xiaoping,JIANG Lulu,FANG Yanying and XU Bin.Analysis of wave characteristics along Zhejiang coast during typhoon “Lekima”[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2020,40(1):97-105. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yi TU Xiaoping JIANG Lulu FANG Yanying and XU Bin |
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| Institution: | Ningbo Meteorological Observatory, Zhejiang Ningbo 315012, China,Ningbo Meteorological Observatory, Zhejiang Ningbo 315012, China,Ningbo Meteorological Observatory, Zhejiang Ningbo 315012, China,Ningbo Meteorological Service Center, Zhejiang Ningbo 315012, China and Xiangshan Meteorological Bureau, Zhejiang Ningbo 315700, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the buoy data, the characteristics and relationships of wind and wave along Zhejiang coast during typhoon "Lekima" were analyzed. By contrasting the observation with the ECMWF model forecast, the wave structure was analyzed based on the model prediction. The results showed that the wave pattern had experienced a change of mixed wave-wind wave-mixed wave during the approaching, landing and departure time of the typhoons. The larger the maximum wave height was, the longer the period was, and the waves in the southern coast of Zhejiang were more stormy than those in the northern coast. As for the wave height, it was greatly affected by wind speed, which was more obvious in the northern coast. The sustained wind direction had a significant effect on the increase of wave height. When the wind direction changed from moving onshore to developing in parallel with the shoreline or from going in parallel with coastline to offshore, the wave height decreased rapidly, and vice versa. When the typhoon approached and affected Zhejiang, the significant wave height was parallel to the wind speed contour. The Level 7, 8 and 10 of wind force corresponded well to rough sea, high sea and very high sea, repectively. In addition, the higher the significant wave height, the greater the effect of wind speed on it. |
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| Keywords: | typhoon Lekima wave wave pattern |
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