| 在用降水逐日监测干旱的方法中引入蒸发 |
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| 引用本文： | 李路遥,陆尔,赵玮.在用降水逐日监测干旱的方法中引入蒸发[J].气象科学,2018,38(3):385-391. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李路遥 陆尔 赵玮 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院/气象灾害教育部重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（气象）科研专项（重大专项）（GYHY501506001-1）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41275092） |
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| 摘 要： | 降水是旱涝最重要的影响因子。在加权平均降水量WAP方法中,当目前没有降水,且前期降水的影响衰减掉以后,WAP便接近于0了,然而此时土壤可能还是较湿润的;若在随后的日子里仍没有降水,WAP则继续保持接近于0的值,但土壤会变的越来越干。为了区分出在WAP同样都为接近于0的状态下土壤湿度(反映在蒸发上)的差异,本文将WAP指数作了进一步的发展,即在所建立的模型中,将蒸发量E显式地表达出来。也就是,涝(旱)状态的变化不仅受降水量P所强迫,而是受P-E所强迫。新方法的基本原理和模型是与WAP方法相仿的,这个显式地考虑了蒸发的新指数WAPE,其值有正有负,接近于正态分布,因而不需再作正态化处理。结果表明,WAPE指数对旱涝的逐日监测有很好的效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 逐日监测 WAP指数 旱涝强度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/1/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/5/26 0:00:00 |
Including evaporation in the precipitation-based method for monitoring drought at daily scale |
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| LI Luyao,LU Er and ZHAO Wei.Including evaporation in the precipitation-based method for monitoring drought at daily scale[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2018,38(3):385-391. |
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| Authors: | LI Luyao LU Er and ZHAO Wei |
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| Institution: | College of Atmospheric Sciences/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China,College of Atmospheric Sciences/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China and College of Atmospheric Sciences/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
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| Abstract: | Precipitation is the most important influencing factor of drought and flood. The WAP (Weighted Average of Precipitation) uses precipitation to monitor drought at a daily scale. When there is no precipitation for a period of time and the effect of the precipitation has decayed, WAP is close to 0, but at this time, the soil may still be wet. If in the following days, there is still no precipitation, WAP will continue to remain close to 0, but the soil will become dry. In order to distinguish such difference in the soil moisture (reflecting the evaporation) under the same condition that the WAP is close to 0, the WAP method is further developed, with the evaporation being expressed explicitly in the established model. That is, the flood (drought) state of the change is no longer just forced by precipitation P, but forced by P-E. The basic principle and model of the new method is similar to that of the previous method of WAP; the new index WAPE explicitly considered the evaporation, and its value is positive and negative, close to normal distribution, so it is not necessary to be treated as normal. Results show that the WAPE index can provide more details in the daily monitoring of drought and flood. |
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| Keywords: | Daily monitoring WAP index Drought and flood intensity |
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