| 2013年影响湖南的两次相似路径台风暴雨对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈红专,叶成志,唐群,王起唤,张昆.2013年影响湖南的两次相似路径台风暴雨对比分析[J].气象科学,2016,36(4):537-546. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈红专 叶成志 唐群 王起唤 张昆 |
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| 作者单位： | 怀化市气象局, 湖南 怀化 418000,湖南省气象台, 长沙 410007,怀化市气象局, 湖南 怀化 418000,怀化市气象局, 湖南 怀化 418000,怀化市气象局, 湖南 怀化 418000 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益类行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201306016）；中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目（CMAGJ2015M40）；湖南省气象局重点项目（XQKJ15A002）；中国气象局预报员专项（CMAYBY2014-045） |
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| 摘 要： | 应用多种常规观测资料、加密自动气象站资料和NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料，对2013年影响湖南的两次相似路径台风暴雨过程进行了对比分析。研究表明：“尤特”台风暴雨直接由台风环流引起，具有锋前暖区降水的特点；而“天兔”台风暴雨由台风低压倒槽与西风带天气系统相互作用引起的，其降水属于典型的锋面降水。“尤特”由东风带进入西风带，其与副高相对位置的变化是导致其登陆后路径北翘的主要原因。“尤特”低压环流与南海季风相互作用，充沛的水汽输送对台风低压环流的长时间维持以及湘东南暴雨的形成和发展起到了重要的组织和促进作用。而“天兔”登陆后南海季风位置偏南，不利于“天兔”的长时间维持以及向暴雨区的水汽输送。低层暖式切变线附近强辐合与高层强辐散耦合、低层强正涡度与高层负涡度的耦合为“尤特”台风暴雨的发生发展提供了动力条件。由中低层冷空气入侵导致的锋生强迫和高低空急流耦合形成的次级环流，加强了“天兔”低压倒槽内冷暖气流的辐合，是触发倒槽内中尺度对流发展和暴雨产生的重要动力机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 台风暴雨 南海季风 锋生强迫 高低空急流 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/2/27 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/5/25 0:00:00 |
Comparative analysis of typhoon heavy rainfall with similar route in Hunan province of 2013 |
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| CHEN Hongzhuan,YE Chengzhi,TANG Qun,WANG Qihuan and ZHANG Kun.Comparative analysis of typhoon heavy rainfall with similar route in Hunan province of 2013[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2016,36(4):537-546. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Hongzhuan YE Chengzhi TANG Qun WANG Qihuan and ZHANG Kun |
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| Institution: | Huaihua Meteorological Bureau, Hunan Huaihua 418000, China,Hunan Meteorological Observatory, Changsha 410007, China,Huaihua Meteorological Bureau, Hunan Huaihua 418000, China,Huaihua Meteorological Bureau, Hunan Huaihua 418000, China and Huaihua Meteorological Bureau, Hunan Huaihua 418000, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the routine observational data, regional automatic weather station data and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, a comparative analysis on two processes of typhoon heavy rainfall with similar routes in Hunan province of 2013 was analyzed. Results show that the Utor typhoon rainstorm was caused by typhoon circulation directly, whose rainfall was in warm area before frontal, while the Usagi typhoon rainstorm was caused by depression reverse trough and westerly belt synoptic system, and its rainfall was frontal precipitation. The Utor moved from easterlies into westerlies and the change on the relative position of Utor to the West Pacific ocean subtropical high were the main causes of the track of Utor typhoon turning northward after its landfall. The Utor low-pressure circulation system interacted with South China Sea monsoon, and its abundant vapor transmission played the most important role in maintaining Utor circulation for a long period and in producing the heavy rainfall over the southeastern part of Hunan. However, after Usagi''s landfall, the South China Sea monsoon was much more southerly, which was not beneficial to the maintenance of Usagi and water vapor transportation. The coupled structure of strong convergence and positive vorticity nearby the shear line in the lower layer with divergence and negative vorticity in the upper level over the heavy rain center area provided dynamical condition for the occurrence and development of Utor typhoon heavy rainfall. Frontogenetical forcing caused by cold air intrusion in middle and low level as well as the sub-circulation resulted from the coupling of upper and lower jets, strengthened the convergence of cold and warm airflow in the inverted trough of Usagi typhoon, which were the dynamic mechanisms for the development of mesoscale convective system and rainstorm production. |
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| Keywords: | Typhoon rainstorm South China Sea monsoon Frontogenetical forcing Upper and lower jets |
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