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近红外波段凝结核性质对雨滴散射特性的影响
引用本文:刘西川,高太长,韩小冬.近红外波段凝结核性质对雨滴散射特性的影响[J].气象科学,2010,30(1):42-47.
作者姓名:刘西川  高太长  韩小冬
作者单位:1. 解放军理工大学,气象学院,南京,211101
2. 解放军理工大学,气象学院,南京,211101;解放军94923部队气象台,福建武夷山,354301
基金项目:国家公益性行业科研专项项目 
摘    要:用M ie散射理论,在已知大气气溶胶粒子的折射率基础上,计算并讨论大气气溶胶以及在其上凝结形成的雨滴的散射相函数、散射效率因子等散射特性。结果表明,对流层中气溶胶粒子的散射能力依次为水滴,冰晶,海洋性粒子,沙尘性粒子,水溶性粒子,煤烟。对于在可溶性核上凝结形成的雨滴,海洋性核的散射能力强于水溶性核的散射能力。由不可溶性核凝结形成雨滴的散射能力依次为煤烟核、冰晶核和沙尘性核。纯水雨滴的散射能力介于沙尘性核和冰晶核之间,强于海洋性核。该结论可以为光学测雨仪器在不同地区条件下的参数设置提供依据。

关 键 词:凝结核  雨滴  散射效率因子  散射相函数
收稿时间:3/2/2009 12:00:00 AM

Effect of the character of condensation nucleus on raindrops scattering characteristics at near-infrared wave band
Liu Xichuan,Gao Taichang,Han Xiaodong.Effect of the character of condensation nucleus on raindrops scattering characteristics at near-infrared wave band[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2010,30(1):42-47.
Authors:Liu Xichuan  Gao Taichang  Han Xiaodong
Institution:Liu Xichuan1 Gao Taichang1 Han Xiaodong1,2 (1 Institute of Meteorology,PLA University of Science , Technology,Nanjing 211101,China) (2 No.94923Army of PLA Meteorological Observatory,Fujian 354301,China)
Abstract:Based on the refractive indices of atmospheric aerosols, the light scattering characteristics of atmospheric aerosols and raindrops which are condensed by different nucleus were analyzed by using the Mie theory. The mathematical characters of the scattering efficiency factor Q_(sc) and scattering phase function p(θ,φ) are discussed, and its numerical computation results were given. The results show that the scattering capability of the atmospheric aerosols are water droplet, ice crystal, maritime particle, dust aerosol, dissolvable particle, smoke aerosols in order. The scattering capability of raindrops condensed by maritime aerosols is greater than that of raindrops condensed by dissolvable aerosols; and the scattering capability of the raindrops condensed by undissolvable aerosols decreased in order of smoke nucleus, ice crystal and sand aerosols. The scattering capability of pure water droplet is considered to be between that of raindrops condensed by sand aerosols and ice crystals, which is greater than that of raindrops condensed by maritime nucleus. The results can provide reference for setting parameter of optic precipitation-measuring instruments in different regions.
Keywords:Condensation nucleus  Raindrops Scattering efficiency factor  Scattering phase function
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