| 2013年1月持续性霾天气中影响污染程度的气象条件分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张蓬勃,金琼,陆晓波,李聪,姜玥宏.2013年1月持续性霾天气中影响污染程度的气象条件分析[J].气象科学,2016,36(1):112-120. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张蓬勃 金琼 陆晓波 李聪 姜玥宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京市气象局, 南京 210009,1. 南京市气象局, 南京 210009,南京市环境监测中心, 南京 210013,南京市气象局, 南京 210009,南京市气象局, 南京 210009 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省环保科研课题资助项目(2014021);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC22B04);江苏省预报员专项(JSYBY201309) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用南京本站气象观测记录、环保局监测数据以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析2013年1月持续性污染天气过程的大气环流背景,并结合南京地区探空资料、风廓线雷达资料以及激光雷达资料,分析这次持续性污染过程中空气质量属良好、轻度污染、中度污染、重度污染典型个例的大气垂直特征和边界层内气象条件的差异。得到如下结论:2013年1月份北方冷空气活动较弱,南京地区大气层结稳定,近地层风速小,污染物气象扩散条件差。加之近地层以弱偏东风为主,水汽较多,有利于污染物颗粒直径增大。大气垂直结构以及边界层内水平风速均对大气污染程度起到一定影响。AQI与逆温层高度存在显著负相关关系;大气污染时,1000 m以下出现逆温结构,且逆温层越低、越厚,污染程度越大;重度污染时,近地层出现贴地逆温层,厚度为700m左右。逆温层高度下降,PM10颗粒物高浓度区高度也明显下降,近地层污染物浓度对垂直方向上污染物浓度正响应的高度降低。在空气质量良好时, 150~1500m存在风速大值区,且风无空,湍流作用明显,有利于污染物和周围的洁净空气相混合而得到稀释,加速污染物的垂直扩散进程。当中度污染日和典型重度污染日时,150~1500 m之间并不存在大风速区。此外, PM10的300μg·m-3高浓度垂直高度延伸至300 m附近时,近地层PM2.5明显上升至100μg·m-3以上,高浓度区数值越大,近地层PM2.5越大。
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| 关 键 词： | 霾 空气质量指数 大气垂直结构 边界层气象条件 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/6/27 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/11/14 0:00:00 |
Analysis on environmental factors affecting air pollution in a durative haze weather in January 2013 |
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| ZHANG Pengbo,JIN Qiong,LU Xiaobo,LI Cong and JIANG Yuehong.Analysis on environmental factors affecting air pollution in a durative haze weather in January 2013[J].Scientia Meteorologica Sinica,2016,36(1):112-120. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Pengbo JIN Qiong LU Xiaobo LI Cong and JIANG Yuehong |
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| Institution: | Nanjing Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210009, China,1. Nanjing Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210009, China,Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210013, China,Nanjing Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210009, China and Nanjing Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210009, China |
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| Abstract: | By using observation data of Nanjing meteorological stations, monitoring data obtained by Environment Protection Administration(EPA) and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the general circulation of a durative pollution event in January 2013 was analyzed. Moreover, combined with the sounding data, the wind profile radar data and the lidar data, the differences of vertical circulation structure and the meteorological conditions in boundary layer among the typical events of good air, light, medium and heavy pollution were studied. Results show that in January 2013, the weak northern cold air, the relative stable atmosphere in Nanjing and the low surface wind are combined to cause the bad condition for the pollutants diffusion, moreover, the easterly wind and high humidity at surface layer are conducive to the increasing of the pollutant diameter. The pollution level is affected by the atmosphere vertical structure and horizontal surface wind to some extent. In pollution episode, it is found that the AQI is negatively correlative with the thickness of inversion. The heavier pollution is accompanied with lower and thicker inversion below 1000 meters. In heavy pollution, the inversion is found in boundary layer with 700 meters thickness. When the inversion thickness declines, the height of PM10 thickness decreases obviously and the height of vertical pollution thickness responsible with surface pollution thickness decreases. In clean, strong wind appears in areas of 150 to 1500 meters high and the turbulence effect is obvious, which makes the pollutants fully exchange, and accelerates the pollutants diffusion process. In medium and heavy pollution day, another low wind appears above 1500 meters, which suppress the pollutants diffusing to high layer. Meanwhile, the vertical distribution of PM10 is obtained by laser radar. |
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| Keywords: | Haze AQI Vertical circulation structure Meteorological conditions in boundary layer |
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