| 2013年和2017年7月昆明大暴雨过程对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘彬,王将,杨芳园,等.2013年和2017年7月昆明大暴雨过程对比分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2017,37(4):8-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘彬 王将 杨芳园 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南省昆明市气象局, 昆明 650500 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南省气象局科研项目(TQ201603),昆明市科技惠民项目(滇池周边城市群热岛效应分析研究),昆明市气象局2018年科研项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用NCEP/NCAR1°×1°再分析资料和多种加密观测资料，对2013年7月18～19日和2017年7月19～20日发生在昆明城区局地性大暴雨进行诊断分析。结果表明:这两次昆明局地性强降水过程既有相同点，也有不同点。相同点有，两次过程的主要大尺度影响系统是青藏高压与西太平洋副热带高压之间的辐合区以及低层切变线。来自南海和孟加拉湾洋面的水汽在辐合区交汇，产生强烈的水汽辐合，并在昆明地区附近形成深厚的水汽辐合层，是这两次局地大暴雨天气的主要水汽特征。两高辐合区对暖湿不稳定气流辐合抬升作用，触发昆明地区产生中β尺度对流系统(MβCS)云团，强降水出现在TBB等值线梯度比较大的区域。MβCS云团不断生消，也引发了两次过程中短时强降水的发生。不同点有，2013年过程由于登陆台风影响，使得水汽辐合更持久，加之上升运动也较强，因此过程降水持续时间也较长，达17小时。在强降雨开始前，昆明地区上空存在明显的对流不稳定能量的积聚过程。2017年过程降水对流性更强，最大雨强70mm·h-1以上。
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| 关 键 词： | 昆明 大暴雨 两高辐合区 中β尺度对流系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-12-08 |
Contrast Analysis of Two Torrential Rain Events in Kunming |
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| Institution: | Kunming Meteorological Bureau, Kunming 650500, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on NCEP/NCAR 1°×1° reanalysis data and various dense observation data，torrential rain occurred in Kunming on 18～19 July 2013 and 19～20 July 2017 are diagnosed. The results show that there exist different and general characteristics among these two torrential rain. The general characteristics of these two torrential rain are as follows: the mainly inpact large scale system of these torrential rain are convergence zone between the Tibetan high and the West Pacific subtropical high in 500 hPa (the two high convergence zone)and shear line in 700 hPa. The vapor from South China Sea and Bay of Bengal converged at the two high convergence zone. Deep moisture convergence layer caused by the two high convergence zone are main vapor characteristics in these torrential rain weather. Warm and wet unstable air convergence can lead to the grow and development of the meso-βscale convective system(MβCS). The heavy rain occured in the denser gradient of TBB isoline areas. The short-time heavy rainfall which caused by the evolution of the meso-βscale convective cloud happened. The different characteristics of these two torrential rain are as follows: due to the effect of the Northwest Pacific Tropical Cyclone named Cimaron，moisture convergence zones maintained longer time in 2013’s rainfall than 2017’s. The heavy rain which caused by stronger ascending motion lasted for 17 hours in 2013. Before the heavy precipitation starts，the accumulation of convection unstable energy existed. The convective rainfall dominated in 2017’s heavy rain and the rainfall intensity was highly 70 millimeter per hour. |
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