| 近56年四川地区不同季节昼夜降水特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 曾波,王钦,伍清.近56年四川地区不同季节昼夜降水特征分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2018,38(3):7-16. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曾波 王钦 伍清 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室, 成都 610072; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金项目(91337215)省重实验室项目(2017-青年-11)川气课题(2014-青年-02) |
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| 摘 要： | 本文利用四川地区1961~2016年141个气象站降水资料,分析了四川地区四季夜间和白天降水时空变化分布特征,结果表明:(1)四季夜间降水量占总降水量超过60%和夜间降水次数占总降水次数50%以上的区域分布相似且占四川大部分地区,盆地西部沿山地带以及川东南部分地区四季的夜间降水量和降水次数比值皆较大,攀西地区和川西高原部分地区在多数季节比值也相对较大,而川东北四季的夜间降水同白天降水基本相当。(2)四季的昼夜降水量、春季昼夜以及冬季白天的降水次数的气候趋势系数总体呈现为以盆地西部沿山边缘为分界,川西增加川东减少,增加和减少趋势的分布范围在不同季节有所增减;夏季和秋季的昼夜以及冬季夜间的降水次数除了高原部分地区为弱增加趋势外,四川地区整体表现为减少趋势,且秋季整个降水次数在四川东部以及攀西地区通过99%显著性检验水平。(3)整个四川地区白天和夜间降水次数呈线性减少而降水量在白天和夜间不同季节增减趋势不一致;总的来说,四季夜间降水的年代际变化较白天相对更明显,不同季节昼夜降水在不同年代的线性增减表现不一致,但秋季夜间和白天降水量和降水次数基本在2000年左右之前为线性减少趋势,之后为增加。
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| 关 键 词： | 四川 季节 夜间 降水 特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-08-29 |
Analysis of Precipitation Characteristics in Different Seasons in the Nighttime and Daytime in Sichuan in the Past 56 Years |
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| Institution: | 1. Chengdu Institute of Plateau Meteorological, China Meteorology Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China;2. Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, Guanghan 618307, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the precipitation data of 141 stations in Sichuan Province from 1961 to 2016, the spatial and temporal variations of precipitation amount and frequency during the night and day periods in four seasons are analyzed. The results show that: (1) the distribution of the precipitation account for more than 60% in four seasons in most areas of Sichuan Province are similar to frequency more than 50% at nighttime. Precipitation amount and frequency during the nighttime in four seasons in western mountainous area of Basin and parts of southeastern Sichuan are large, and in other parts of Panxi and Western Sichuan plateau the precipitation amount and frequency during the nighttime are large too. Nighttime precipitation in northeastern Sichuan is almost the same as that in daytime precipitation. (2) The climatic trend coefficients of precipitation amount at nighttime and daytime in four seasons, precipitation frequency at nighttime and daytime in spring, daytime in winter generally show a trend of increasing in Western Sichuan and decreasing in eastern Sichuan. The distribution areas of increasing and decreasing trends are different in different seasons. In addition to the weak increasing trend in some areas of the plateau, the precipitation frequency during the daytime and nighttime in autumn and nighttime in winter showed a decreasing trend in Sichuan, and the decreasing trend in autumn in eastern Sichuan and Panxi passed 99% significance test level. (3) The precipitation frequency at nighttime and daytime in the whole Sichuan area decreased linearly, but the trend of the precipitation amount is different in different seasons at nighttime and daytime. Generally speaking, the inter-decadal variation of the precipitation in the four seasons at nighttime is more obvious than that in the daytime, and the linear trend of precipitation in different seasons and different periods of the day are different. But in autumn, the precipitation amount and frequency decreased linearly before 2000 and then increased. |
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