| 黄河源区径流量变化特征及其影响因子研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 王欢,李栋梁.黄河源区径流量变化特征及其影响因子研究进展[J].高原山地气象研究,2013,33(2):93-99. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王欢 李栋梁 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院/气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目，2010年公益性行业(气象)科研专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来黄河源区径流的锐减,对下游水资源和经济造成了一定的威胁。本文对近年来黄河源区径流量变化特征及其影响因子的研究进行了概述与总结,结果表明近年来黄河源区径流量年内单、双峰分布形式不均,年际、年代际丰枯变化频繁,最长也只有4~5年的周期,且枯水年持续时间多于丰水年。影响源区径流量的主要气候因子是降水,降水的增加使得径流量增加,温度升高,蒸发量加大,使得径流量减少,同时人为因素造成植被覆盖减少,沙漠化加剧,破坏了源区生态环境,对径流量减少也起到很大的作用;根据以往研究总结指出,应更加关注径流量年内单、双峰分配形式变化特征及高原局地热力性质和环流场(如地面感热、高原季风等)对于径流量的影响,同时还应加强分析自然和人为因子对于径流量减少的定量贡献。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河源区 径流量 降水 温度 地表状况 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-04-16 |
Research Progress on Variations and Effectors of the Runoff in the Source Region of the Yellow River |
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| WANG Huan
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LI Dongliang.Research Progress on Variations and Effectors of the Runoff in the Source Region of the Yellow River[J].Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research,2013,33(2):93-99. |
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| Authors: | WANG Huan LI Dongliang |
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| Institution: | ey Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanfing University ofInformation Science&Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent years,the runoff in the source region of the Yellow River has declined sharply,which threats the water resources and economy in the lower reaches.The present study summarizes the recent research progress on variations of the runoff in the source region of the Yellow River and its response to climate change and human activities.The results show that: the average monthly runoff’s characteristic is unimodal or bimodal,and changes with the year;There are obvious interannual and decadal variation of runoff : the longest period between rich year and dry year is 4 ~ 5 years,and also the time of lasting dry year is longer than rich year.The precipitation is the main positive factor influencing the runoff of the source region of the Yellow River.On other hand,when the temperature rise,the evaporation increase,leading to the reduction of the runoff.In the matter of human activities,the reduced coverage of vegatation and intensified desertification changes the surface conditions and further damages the ecosystem,playing an important role on cutting down the runoff in the source region of the Yellow River.At last,this review concludes that in further studys more attention shoule be paied on the variation characteristics of unimodal and bimodal form of runoffand the influence of the Plateau local thermodynamic properties and atmospheric circulation(such as surface sensible heat and plateau monsoon).Further more,it is worthy to strengthen the quantitative analysis of the contribution of natural factor and anthropogenic factor to the runoff. |
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