| 三江源地区水汽输送的时空变化特征及其机理研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李林,张鹏亮,申红艳,李建国,简悦.三江源地区水汽输送的时空变化特征及其机理研究[J].高原山地气象研究,2021,41(1):9-16. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李林 张鹏亮 申红艳 李建国 简悦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.青海省人工影响天气办公室，西宁 810001 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1510300）；中国气象局西北区域人影建设研究试验项目（RYSY201903）；青海省科技创新平台项目（2021-ZJ-T04） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用ERA5小时再分析资料分析了1981-2019年三江源地区水汽总量和水汽通量的时空演变规律及其可能成因。结果表明:三江源地区平均水汽总量和水汽通量的空间分布总体呈东南向西北递减的态势;其中,7月水汽表现出明显的异质性,对应平均水汽总量在可可西里和黄河源区的两个高值中心,平均水汽通量则恰好是两个低值区,该月水汽输送在曲麻莱、清水河一带和久治形成两个辐合区;近39年,平均水汽总量与平均水汽通量的经向输送呈增多趋势,但夏季平均水汽通量纬向输送的显著减少导致了其年值的减少;而平均水汽总量与平均水汽通量的年内分配分别呈“单峰”型、“双峰”型分布;西风环流减弱、高原夏季风以及南海夏季风增强,有利于水汽总量的增加和经向输送,而夏季高原热力作用则对水汽经向输送起到一定的扰动作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 水汽总量 水汽通量 高原季风 西风环流 三江源 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-05 |
Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics and Mechanism of Water Vapor Transport over the Three Rivers Source Region |
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| Institution: | 1.Qinghai Weather Modification Office, Xining 810001, China2.Qinghai Climate Centre, Xining 810001, China3.Beijing Tiandi Rongzhi Natural Disaster Research Centre, Beijing 100181, China |
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| Abstract: | Basing on the ERA5 hourly reanalysis data, the spatio-temporal variation and the associated regimes of total column water vapor and water vapor flux over the Three Rivers Source (TRS) region during 1981~2019 are analyzed. The results indicated that the water vapor transport had a large spatial differences and the total column water vapor and water vapor flux decreased from southeast to northwest. A distinct inconsistency was revealed for water vapor transport in July ,corresponding to the average total water vapor in the two high value centers of Hoh Xil and the source region of the Yellow River,and the average water vapor flux was just two low value areas.Meanwhile, two convergence regions were formed in Qumalai, Qingshuihe and Jiuzhi. In recent 39 years, the meridional transports of the mean total column water vapor and water vapor flux showed an increasing trend, while the significant decrease of the zonal transport of the mean water vapor flux in summer caused the decrease of the annual mean water vapor flux. The annual cycle of mean total column water vapor and water vapor flux showed single and double peak respectively. The weakening of the westerly circulation and the enhancement of the Plateau Summer Monsoon and the South China Sea Summer Monsoon may contribute to the increase of total column water vapor and meridional transport, while the plateau thermal effect in summer had a certain disturbance on the meridional transport of water vapor. |
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