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四川盆地及周边地区夏季0℃层高度时空分布特征
引用本文:董元昌,吴遥,王源程.四川盆地及周边地区夏季0℃层高度时空分布特征[J].高原山地气象研究,2018,38(2):9-14.
作者姓名:董元昌  吴遥  王源程
作者单位:1. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室, 成都 610072;
基金项目:高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(省重实验室2017-青年-12)
摘    要:对雷达覆盖能力的准确评估是保证新一代天气雷达观测数据质量的重要基础,0℃层高度则是影响雷达覆盖能力最重要的因素之一。四川盆地及其周边地区地形复杂,下垫面特征多样,0℃层高度分布复杂多变。本文基于西南低涡加密观测实验的探空数据,通过统计方法研究分析了该地区0℃层高度的时空分布特征,为雷达数据的准确运用奠定理论基础。结果表明:盆地及其周边地区0℃层平均高度均超过5000m,但各探空站点0℃层高度的极大值和极小值差异巨大,最大离差达到了2353m。均方差值也表明各站0℃层高度离散程度存在明显差异,纬度较高的站点均方差值也明显较大。0℃层高度存在一定的日变化特征,其中高原向盆地的过渡地带是日变化的敏感区域。不同的天气状也会影响0℃层高度,大多数站点的0℃层高度会随着天空云量的增加而升高。 

关 键 词:0℃层    降水估测    日变化    天气影响
收稿时间:2018-04-25

The Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of the Height of the Melting Layer over Sichuan Basin and Its Surroundings in Summer
Institution:1. Chengdu Institute of Plateau Meteorological, China Meteorology Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China;2. Chongqing Climate Centre, Chongqing 401147, China;3. Chengdu Environmental Monitoring Centre Station, Chengdu 610072, China
Abstract:The accurate evaluation of radar coverage is an important basis for ensuring the quality of the new generation of weather radar observation data, and the height of the melting layer is one of the most important factors that affect radar coverage. The terrain of Sichuan Basin and its surrounding area is complex, with various features of the underlying surface, and the height distribution of the melting layer is complex and changeable. Based on the sounding data of southwest vortex observation experiment, the characteristics of time and space distribution of the melting layer height was analyzed through statistical method, which lays the foundation for better application of radar data. The main results are as follows: The average height of the melting layers over the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding are all over 5000 meter, but the difference of the maximum and minimum height of the melting layers among 11 observations is very huge and the maximum deviation is up to 2353 meter. Mean square error values show that there are significant differences in Discrete degree of the height of the melting layer in 11 sites, especially in higher latitude sites. There is certain diurnal variation in the height of melting layer, and the transition zone of the plateau to the basin is the sensitive region of the characteristics. The height of the melting layer various in different weather conditions, and the height of melting layer in most sites usually rise with the increase of cloud total amount. 
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