| 自贡市一次重雾霾过程天气特征及高发原因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘炜桦,赵晓莉,王晨曦,等.自贡市一次重雾霾过程天气特征及高发原因分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2018,38(2):73-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘炜桦 赵晓莉 王晨曦 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川省气象灾害防御技术中心, 成都 610072 |
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| 摘 要： | 目前中国存在四个雾霾严重的地区，分别是京津冀地区、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲和川渝一带，而自贡市是四川雾霾最严重的区域，研究自贡雾霾高发原因十分必要。文章以2005～2016年自贡地面观测数据为基础，以2017年12月21日～2018年1月3日自贡持续性雾霾天气过程为例，借助空气质量数据、地面气象要素、高空观测数据，分析了地形、气象因素与环境污染之间的关系。结果表明:当自贡为偏东偏北气流时，污染物在风的输送作用下易在山前的平原地区汇聚，再加上四川盆地南部易形成气旋式流场使大气污染物难以远距离扩散输送并形成涡旋，自贡恰处于污染物滞留中心区，造成市区污染物累积浓度升高。自贡受到本身地理位置和自然气候特征的限制，气象条件先天不足，大气环境承载力低，大气自净能力不强，容易出现雾霾。
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| 关 键 词： | 雾霾 气象要素 特征分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-15 |
Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of a Heavy Air Pollution Episode in Zigong |
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| Institution: | Meteorological Disaster Defense Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China |
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| Abstract: | At present, there are four relatively serious haze areas in China, which are the areas of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and the Sichuan Chongqing area, and Zigong is the most severe haze area in Sichuan. It is necessary to study the causes of the high haze in Zigong. Based on the Zigong ground observation data from 2005 to 2016 and taking the sustained haze weather process from December 21, 2017 to January 3, 2018 as an example, with the help of air quality data, ground meteorological elements and high altitude observation data, analysis of the relationship between terrain, meteorological factors and environmental pollution. The results show when Zigong is an easterly or northward air flow, the pollutant is easily converged in the plain area in the front of the mountain under the wind transmission. In addition, it is easy to form a cyclone flow field in the southern part of the Sichuan basin, which makes it difficult to spread and transport the air pollutants in a long distance and form a vortex. Zigong is located in the central area of pollutant retention, causing the accumulation of pollutants in the urban area and the increase of concentration. Zigong is limited by its own geographical location and natural climate characteristics, the weather conditions are deficient, the air environment carrying capacity is low, the air self purification ability is not strong, and haze is easy to appear. |
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