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佛山市龙卷风活动的特征及环流背景分析
引用本文:黄先香,;炎利军,;王硕甫,;程正泉.佛山市龙卷风活动的特征及环流背景分析[J].广东气象,2014(3):20-24.
作者姓名:黄先香  ;炎利军  ;王硕甫  ;程正泉
作者单位:[1]佛山市气象局,广东佛山528000; [2]佛山市龙卷风研究中心,广东佛山528000; [3]广州中心气象台,广东广州510080
基金项目:基金项目:广东省气象局项目《广东省灾害性天气历史个例库查询和检索系统》(201002)和广东省创新台风团队科技项目(201101)共同资助.
摘    要:利用常规气象观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,分析了多年来佛山龙卷风的活动特点及其产生的环流背景和环境条件。结果表明:佛山龙卷风集中出现在4—8月;发生时间主要集中在08:00—14:00;发生地域以南海区最多,其次是三水区;16次龙卷风过程可归纳为4种诱生形势:台风外围型、锋面暖区型、地面辐合线型和热带扰动型。分析还发现:佛山龙卷风发生于偏南暖湿气流中,中低层通常有西南或偏南急流叠加配置,并存在强的垂直风切变和中干冷、下暖湿的强不稳定层结及较低的抬升凝结高度。另外,佛山龙卷风的发生还与地形因素关系密切。

关 键 词:天气预报  龙卷风  活动特征  环流背景  佛山

Analysis of the Characteristics of Tornados in Foshan City and Their Circulation Background
Institution:HUANG Xian-xiang , YAN Li-jun, WANG Shuo-fu, CHENG Zheng-quan ( 1. Meteorological Bureau of Foshan City, Foshan 528000 ; 2. Tornadoes Research Center of Foshan, Foshan 528000; 3. Guangzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Foshan 510080, China)
Abstract:Conventional meteorological observations and NCEP reanalysis data are used to analyze the characteristics of the tornadoes that happened in recent years in Foshan and the associated circulation background and environmental conditions. It is found that in Foshan tornadoes mostly occur in April-August and concentrate from 08:00 to 14:00. The district of Nanhai has the most occurrence, followed by Sanshui. In summery, the 16 tornadoes studied are considered to be triggered by the four following patterns: the periph- ery of a tropical cyclone, the warm core of a front, convergence lines at the surface and tropical disturbances. It is also noted in our study that the tornadoes are generated within southerly warm and humid airflows and usually superimposed with a southwesterly or southerly jet stream. Besides, the tornadoes are also associated with strong vertical wind shear, intense instable stratification that is dry and cold at the middle level but warm and humid at the lower level, and relatively low altitudes of lifting-caused condensation. Lastly, the tornadoes are also closely linked with the orographic factor.
Keywords:weather forecasting  tornadoes  activity characteristics  circulation background  Foshan
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